Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,106 questions · 1,202 findings · 24 reviews · Oral medicine and oral cancer

No studies found 145 · 12.1%GRADE not reported 760 · 63.2%Very low 201 · 16.7%Low 66 · 5.5%Moderate 29 · 2.4%High 1 · 0.1%

Selenium vs no intervention

Quality of life and other oral related symptoms (loss of taste, dysphagia) · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
1 finding from 1 review

Tongue scraping (mechanical tongue cleaning) vs Placebo or no intervention (nothing)

Outcome not reported · Adults (over 18 years) with a clinical or self-assessed diagnosis of halitosis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Tongue scraping for treating halitosis 2006 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Minimum 4 weeks (planned)
    No eligible randomized controlled trials comparing tongue scraping with placebo or no intervention were identified.
    0 studies
    No studies found

Tongue scraping (mechanical tongue cleaning) vs Mouthwash or other chemical intervention

Outcome not reported · Adults (over 18 years) with a clinical or self-assessed diagnosis of halitosis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Tongue scraping for treating halitosis 2006 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Minimum 4 weeks (planned)
    No randomized controlled trials comparing mechanical tongue cleaning with mouthwashes were identified; the review notes "the somewhat unexpected lack of randomized controlled trials comparing the effectiveness of…
    0 studies
    No studies found

Physiotherapy (tongue-spatula jaw exercises) vs No active treatment (control)

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

It is very uncertain whether physiotherapy (tongue-spatula jaw exercises) changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with no active treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intralesional steroid injection plus adjunctive treatment vs steroid injection

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

Intralesional steroid injection plus adjunctive treatment showed no clear difference in maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with intralesional steroid injection alone (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Topical curcumin gel vs Topical aloe vera gel

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

It is very uncertain whether topical curcumin gel changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with topical aloe vera gel (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Buccal fat pad pedicle plus placental extract vs Buccal fat pad pedicle alone

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

It is very uncertain whether buccal fat pad pedicle plus placental extract changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with buccal fat pad pedicle alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antioxidants (lycopene, curcumin, Oxitard) vs Placebo or no active treatment

Participant-reported resumption of normal eating, chewing and speech · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Vasodilator vs Placebo or no active treatment

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

It is very uncertain whether vasodilators (isoxsuprine, xanthinol nicotinate) changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with placebo or no active treatment (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Buccal fat pad graft vs Extended nasolabial flap

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

It is very uncertain whether buccal fat pad graft changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with extended nasolabial flap (very low certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Pentoxifylline vs Spirulina

Burning sensation (VAS 0-100) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

It is very uncertain whether pentoxifylline changes burning sensation (VAS 0-100) compared with spirulina (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pentoxifylline vs multivitamin and mineral supplement

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
1 finding from 1 review
  • Rajendran 2006 (pentoxifylline 14 vs multivitamins 15): reported increased interincisal distance in the pentoxifylline group but no baseline data, so change could not be determined; excluded from meta-analysis.
    1 study · 29 participants
    GRADE not reported

Oxitard (antioxidant) vs Topical aloe vera gel

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

Oxitard (antioxidant) may leads to higher maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with aloe vera gel (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Spirulina vs Oxitard (antioxidant)

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

Spirulina may leads to lower maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with oxitard (antioxidant) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review