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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

82 questions · 84 findings · 4 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

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No studies found 14 · 16.7%GRADE not reported 37 · 44%Very low 18 · 21.4%Low 7 · 8.3%Moderate 8 · 9.5%High 0 · 0%

Human insulin vs animal insulin (Different insulin types within similar insulin regimens)

Macrosomia · pregnant women with pre‐existing diabetes

It is very uncertain whether human insulin changes macrosomia compared with animal insulin (Different insulin types within similar insulin… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pre‐mixed insulin (70 NPH/30 REG) vs self‐mixed split dose insulin (Different insulin regimens with similar insulin types used within the regimen)

Macrosomia · pregnant women with pre‐existing diabetes

It is very uncertain whether pre‐mixed insulin (70 NPH/30 REG) changes macrosomia compared with self‐mixed split dose insulin (Different insulin regimens with… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pre‐mixed insulin (70 NPH/30 REG) vs self‐mixed split dose insulin (Different insulin regimens with similar insulin types used within the regimen)

Caesarean section 4 · pregnant women with pre‐existing diabetes

It is very uncertain whether pre‐mixed insulin (70 NPH/30 REG) changes caesarean section 4 compared with self‐mixed split dose insulin (Different insulin regimens with… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Insulin injected with a Novolin pen vs insulin injected with a needle or syringe (Different insulin regimens with similar insulin types used within the regimen)

Macrosomia · pregnant women with pre‐existing diabetes

It is very uncertain whether insulin injected with a Novolin pen changes macrosomia compared with insulin injected with a needle or syringe (Different insulin… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Insulin injected with a Novolin pen vs insulin injected with a needle or syringe (Different insulin regimens with similar insulin types used within the regimen)

Caesarean section 4 · pregnant women with pre‐existing diabetes

It is very uncertain whether insulin injected with a Novolin pen changes caesarean section 4 compared with insulin injected with a needle or syringe (Different insulin… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review