Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

25 questions · 25 findings · 5 reviews · Anaesthesia

No studies found 3 · 12%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 1 · 4%Low 18 · 72%Moderate 1 · 4%High 2 · 8%

Perioperative beta‐blockers vs placebo or usual care

Cerebrovascular events (within 30 days) · adults undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia (to include: low‐risk, medium‐risk, and high‐risk surgeries)

Perioperative beta‐blockers showed no clear difference in cerebrovascular events (within 30 days) compared with placebo or standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative beta‐blockers vs placebo or usual care

Ventricular arrhythmias (within 30 days) · adults undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia (to include: low‐risk, medium‐risk, and high‐risk surgeries)

It is very uncertain whether perioperative beta‐blockers changes ventricular arrhythmias (within 30 days) compared with placebo or standard care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative beta‐blockers vs placebo or usual care

Atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter, or both (within 30 days) · adults undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia (to include: low‐risk, medium‐risk, and high‐risk surgeries)

Perioperative beta‐blockers may leads to lower atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter, or both (within 30 days) compared with placebo or standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative beta‐blockers vs placebo or usual care

Bradycardia · adults undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia (to include: low‐risk, medium‐risk, and high‐risk surgeries)

Perioperative beta‐blockers may leads to higher bradycardia (within 30 days; as defined by study authors, minimum… compared with placebo or standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative beta‐blockers vs placebo or usual care

Hypotension · adults undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia (to include: low‐risk, medium‐risk, and high‐risk surgeries)

Perioperative beta‐blockers probably leads to higher hypotension (within 30 days; as defined by study authors, minimum… compared with placebo or standard care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review