What do systematic reviews say?

Low molecular weight heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis

Low‐molecular‐weight heparin leads to lower symptomatic DVT compared with no thromboprophylaxis (high certainty).

• Primary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.48 [0.35, 0.67]
  9 studies · 5408 participants
  High

Low molecular weight heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis

Low‐molecular‐weight heparin leads to lower any VTE compared with no thromboprophylaxis (high certainty).

• Primary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.57 [0.46, 0.71]
  10 studies · 5743 participants
  High

Low molecular weight heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis

Low‐molecular‐weight heparin showed no clear difference in 1‐year overall mortality compared with no thromboprophylaxis (low certainty).

• Primary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.94 [0.83, 1.07]
  9 studies · 2681 participants
  Low

Low molecular weight heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis

Low‐molecular‐weight heparin probably leads to higher clinically relevant bleeding compared with no thromboprophylaxis (moderate certainty).

• Primary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 3.4 [1.2, 9.63]
  4 studies · 3105 participants
  Moderate

Low molecular weight heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis

Low‐molecular‐weight heparin leads to lower symptomatic VTE compared with no thromboprophylaxis (high certainty).

• Primary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.62 [0.46, 0.83]
  11 studies · 3931 participants
  High

Low molecular weight heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis

Low‐molecular‐weight heparin probably leads to higher major bleeding compared with no thromboprophylaxis (moderate certainty).

• Primary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.63 [1.12, 2.35]
  15 studies · 7282 participants
  Moderate

Low molecular weight heparin vs placebo or no prophylaxis

Low molecular weight heparin probably leads to lower deep venous thrombosis compared with no prophylaxis or placebo (moderate certainty).

• Low molecular weight heparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients with lower‐limb immobilization 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.45 [0.33, 0.61]
  7 studies · 1676 participants
  Moderate

Low molecular weight heparin vs placebo or no prophylaxis

Low molecular weight heparin showed no clear difference in pulmonary embolism compared with no prophylaxis or placebo (low certainty).

• Low molecular weight heparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients with lower‐limb immobilization 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.5 [0.17, 1.47]
  5 studies · 2517 participants
  Low

Low molecular weight heparin vs placebo or no prophylaxis

Low molecular weight heparin may leads to lower symptomatic venous thromboembolism compared with no prophylaxis or placebo (low certainty).

• Low molecular weight heparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients with lower‐limb immobilization 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.4 [0.21, 0.76]
  6 studies · 2924 participants
  Low

Low molecular weight heparin vs placebo or no prophylaxis

• Low molecular weight heparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients with lower‐limb immobilization 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 3111 participants
  GRADE not reported

Low molecular weight heparin vs placebo or no prophylaxis

Low molecular weight heparin showed no clear difference in mortality due to other causes compared with no prophylaxis or placebo (low certainty).

• Low molecular weight heparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients with lower‐limb immobilization 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.33 [0.01, 8.15]
  8 studies · 3111 participants
  Low

Low molecular weight heparin vs placebo or no prophylaxis

Low molecular weight heparin showed no clear difference in adverse outcomes compared with no prophylaxis or placebo (low certainty).

• Low molecular weight heparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients with lower‐limb immobilization 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 2.01 [0.83, 4.86]
  8 studies · 3178 participants
  Low

Low molecular weight heparin vs no prophylaxis

Low‐molecular‐weight heparin showed no clear difference in PE: assessed by CT arteriography ( compared with no prophylaxis (moderate certainty).

• Interventions for preventing venous thromboembolism in adults undergoing knee arthroscopy 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.81 [0.49, 6.65]
  3 studies · 1820 participants
  Moderate

Low molecular weight heparin vs no prophylaxis

Low‐molecular‐weight heparin showed no clear difference in symptomatic DVT: assessed by presence of symptoms and confirmed by a… compared with no prophylaxis (low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing venous thromboembolism in adults undergoing knee arthroscopy 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.61 [0.18, 2.03]
  4 studies · 1848 participants
  Low

Low molecular weight heparin vs no prophylaxis

It is very uncertain whether low‐molecular‐weight heparin changes asymptomatic DVT: compared with no prophylaxis (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing venous thromboembolism in adults undergoing knee arthroscopy 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.14 [0.03, 0.61]
  2 studies · 369 participants
  Very low

Low molecular weight heparin vs no prophylaxis

• Interventions for preventing venous thromboembolism in adults undergoing knee arthroscopy 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 1978 participants
  GRADE not reported

Low molecular weight heparin vs no prophylaxis

Low‐molecular‐weight heparin showed no clear difference in all adverse effects, including allergies at injection site, minor… compared with no prophylaxis (moderate certainty).

• Interventions for preventing venous thromboembolism in adults undergoing knee arthroscopy 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.85 [0.95, 3.59]
  5 studies · 1978 participants
  Moderate

Low molecular weight heparin vs no prophylaxis

Low‐molecular‐weight heparin showed no clear difference in major bleeding ( compared with no prophylaxis (moderate certainty).

• Interventions for preventing venous thromboembolism in adults undergoing knee arthroscopy 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.98 [0.06, 15.72]
  1 study · 1451 participants
  Moderate

Low molecular weight heparin vs no prophylaxis

Low‐molecular‐weight heparin showed no clear difference in minor bleeding ( compared with no prophylaxis (moderate certainty).

• Interventions for preventing venous thromboembolism in adults undergoing knee arthroscopy 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.79 [0.84, 3.84]
  5 studies · 1978 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention may leads to lower heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) (low certainty).

• Unfractionated heparin versus low molecular weight heparins for avoiding heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia in… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.23 [0.07, 0.73]
  3 studies · 1398 participants
  Low