What do systematic reviews say?

Combinations of conservative treatments vs no treatment, sham treatment or verbal/written instruction

It is very uncertain whether combinations of conservative treatments changes number of participants experiencing muscle‐related adverse events:… compared with no treatment, sham treatment or verbal/written instruction (very low certainty).

• Conservative interventions for managing urinary incontinence after prostate surgery 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.92 [0.31, 27.41]
  2 studies · 136 participants
  Very low

Prevention of UI after radical: combinations of treatments vs no treatment

• Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 60 participants
  Low

Exercise vs other conservative treatment

• Exercise therapy for chronic low back pain 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6295 participants
  Low

Exercise vs other conservative treatment

• Exercise therapy for chronic low back pain 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6004 participants
  Moderate

Exercise vs other conservative treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Exercise therapy for chronic low back pain 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Treatment of UI after TURP: PFMT ± biofeedback vs no treatment

• Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 1609 participants
  Moderate

Treatment of UI after TURP: PFMT ± biofeedback vs no treatment

• Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 397 participants
  Low

Treatment of UI after TURP: PFMT ± biofeedback vs no treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Treatment of UI after TURP: PFMT ± biofeedback vs no treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Treatment of UI after radical: PFMT ± biofeedback vs no treatment;

Treatment of UI after radical: PFMT ± biofeedback showed no clear difference in number of incontinent men ‐ after 12 months compared with no treatment; (moderate certainty).

• Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.85 [0.6, 1.22]
  3 studies · 665 participants
  Moderate

Treatment of UI after radical: PFMT ± biofeedback vs no treatment;

• Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 391 participants
  Low

Treatment of UI after radical: PFMT ± biofeedback vs no treatment;

• Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 138 participants
  High

Treatment of UI after radical: PFMT ± biofeedback vs no treatment;

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Treatment of UI after radical: one active treatment vs other active intervention

It is very uncertain whether treatment of UI after radical: one active treatment changes number of incontinent men within 6 to 12 months ‐ FES versus ExMI compared with another active treatment (very low certainty).

• Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2 [0.21, 19.23]
  1 study · 24 participants
  Very low

Treatment of UI after radical: one active treatment vs other active intervention

• Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 24 participants
  Low

Treatment of UI after radical: one active treatment vs other active intervention

Treatment of UI after radical: one active treatment showed no clear difference in adverse events PFMT + Anal EStim versus PFMT alone compared with another active treatment (low certainty).

• Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 5 [0.24, 102.3]
  1 study · 140 participants
  Low

Treatment of UI after radical: one active treatment vs other active intervention

• Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Prevention of UI after radical: one active treatment vs another active treatment (PFMT pre and post‐operation versus PFMT post‐operation)

• Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 367 participants
  Moderate

Prevention of UI after radical: one active treatment vs another active treatment (PFMT pre and post‐operation versus PFMT post‐operation)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Prevention of UI after radical: one active treatment vs another active treatment (PFMT pre and post‐operation versus PFMT post‐operation)

• Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 102 participants
  High