What do systematic reviews say?

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 5): chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 5): chemotherapy or… leads to lower overall survival compared with control intervention alone (high certainty).

• Palliative chemotherapy and targeted therapies for esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.66 [0.54, 0.81]
  5 studies · 538 participants
  High

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 5): chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table (subcomparison 5): chemotherapy or… changes progression‐free survival compared with control intervention alone (very low certainty).

• Palliative chemotherapy and targeted therapies for esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.62 [0.38, 1]
  4 studies · 713 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 5): chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table (subcomparison 5): chemotherapy or… changes toxicity compared with control intervention alone (very low certainty).

• Palliative chemotherapy and targeted therapies for esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 2676 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 5): chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

• Palliative chemotherapy and targeted therapies for esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 1772 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 5): chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 6): chemotherapy or… leads to lower overall survival compared with control intervention alone (high certainty).

• Palliative chemotherapy and targeted therapies for esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.76 [0.65, 0.9]
  4 studies · 268 participants
  High

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 5): chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table (subcomparison 6): chemotherapy or… changes progression‐free survival compared with control intervention alone (very low certainty).

• Palliative chemotherapy and targeted therapies for esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.72 [0.55, 0.96]
  2 studies · 168 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 5): chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table (subcomparison 6): chemotherapy or… changes toxicity compared with control intervention alone (very low certainty).

• Palliative chemotherapy and targeted therapies for esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 150 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 5): chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

• Palliative chemotherapy and targeted therapies for esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 156 participants
  Very low

Gemcitabine combinations vs gemcitabine

Gemcitabine combinations may leads to lower overall survival ‐ Gemcitabine plus other combinations of chemotherapy compared with gemcitabine alone (low certainty).

• Chemotherapy and radiotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.55 [0.39, 0.79]
  2 studies · 166 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention probably leads to lower chemobased OS ‐ 5‐FU based chemotherapy OS (moderate certainty).

• Post‐surgical chemotherapy versus surgery alone for resectable gastric cancer 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.88 [0.83, 0.94]
  28 studies · 5694 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in chemobased OS ‐ Platinum‐based chemotherapy OS (moderate certainty).

• Post‐surgical chemotherapy versus surgery alone for resectable gastric cancer 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.9 [0.81, 1]
  9 studies · 1504 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention probably leads to lower chemobased DFS ‐ 5‐FU based chemotherapy DFS (moderate certainty).

• Post‐surgical chemotherapy versus surgery alone for resectable gastric cancer 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.86 [0.78, 0.95]
  13 studies · 2944 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in chemobased DFS ‐ Platinum‐based chemotherapy DFS (moderate certainty).

• Post‐surgical chemotherapy versus surgery alone for resectable gastric cancer 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.89 [0.75, 1.06]
  4 studies · 969 participants
  Moderate

Gemcitabine combinations vs gemcitabine

Gemcitabine combinations showed no clear difference in overall survival ‐ Gemcitabine plus topoisomerase inhibitor compared with gemcitabine alone (high certainty).

• Chemotherapy and radiotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 1.01 [0.87, 1.16]
  3 studies · 839 participants
  High

Gemcitabine combinations vs gemcitabine

Gemcitabine combinations leads to lower overall survival ‐ Gemcitabine plus taxane compared with gemcitabine alone (high certainty).

• Chemotherapy and radiotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.72 [0.62, 0.84]
  1 study · 861 participants
  High

Gemcitabine combinations vs gemcitabine

Gemcitabine combinations showed no clear difference in overall survival ‐ Gemcitabine plus other agent(s) compared with gemcitabine alone (low certainty).

• Chemotherapy and radiotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.79 [0.56, 1.1]
  4 studies · 767 participants
  Low

Fluoropyrimidine combinations vs fluoropyrimidine alone

Fluoropyrimidine combinations showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with fluoropyrimidine alone (low certainty).

• Chemotherapy and radiotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.84 [0.61, 1.15]
  4 studies · 491 participants
  Low

Gemcitabine combinations vs gemcitabine

Gemcitabine combinations showed no clear difference in overall survival ‐ Gemcitabine plus platinum agent compared with gemcitabine alone (low certainty).

• Chemotherapy and radiotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.94 [0.81, 1.08]
  6 studies · 1140 participants
  Low

Gemcitabine combinations vs gemcitabine

Gemcitabine combinations leads to lower overall survival ‐ Gemcitabine plus fluoropyrimidine compared with gemcitabine alone (high certainty).

• Chemotherapy and radiotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.89 [0.81, 0.97]
  10 studies · 2718 participants
  High

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 4): targeted therapy agent plus control intervention vs control intervention

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 4): targeted therapy agent… leads to lower overall survival compared with control intervention alone (high certainty).

• Palliative chemotherapy and targeted therapies for esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.75 [0.63, 0.9]
  6 studies · 989 participants
  High