Glomerulonephritis · patients with sore throat
Antibiotics showed no clear difference in glomerulonephritis (within 1 month, clinical diagnosis) compared with control (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Quinsy · patients with sore throat
Antibiotics leads to lower quinsy (within 2 months, clinical diagnosis) compared with control (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Otitis media · patients with sore throat
Antibiotics leads to lower otitis media (within 14 days, clinical diagnosis) compared with control (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Cure in adults with clinically diagnosed acute rhinosinusitis · acute rhinosinusitis in adults, whether clinically diagnosed or confirmed by imaging
Antibiotics leads to higher cure in adults with clinically diagnosed acute rhinosinusitis compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Cure in adults with acute rhinosinusitis confirmed by radiography1 · acute rhinosinusitis in adults, whether clinically diagnosed or confirmed by imaging
Antibiotics probably leads to higher cure in adults with acute rhinosinusitis confirmed by radiography1 compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Cure in adults with acute rhinosinusitis confirmed by computed tomography1,4 · acute rhinosinusitis in adults, whether clinically diagnosed or confirmed by imaging
Antibiotics probably leads to higher cure in adults with acute rhinosinusitis confirmed by computed… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Resolution of purulent secretion · acute rhinosinusitis in adults, whether clinically diagnosed or confirmed by imaging
Antibiotics leads to higher severity or duration of different clinical symptoms: resolution of… compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Side effects – overall · acute rhinosinusitis in adults, whether clinically diagnosed or confirmed by imaging
Antibiotics leads to higher side effects: total compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Interventions side effects: diarrhoea · acute rhinosinusitis in adults, whether clinically diagnosed or confirmed by imaging
Antibiotics leads to higher side effects: diarrhoea compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical failure · acute rhinosinusitis in adults, whether clinically diagnosed or confirmed by imaging
Antibiotics leads to lower clinical failure compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical failure rate · patients with uncomplicated acute maxillary sinusitis
Antibiotics probably leads to lower clinical failure rate compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Quality of life and activity impairment · patients with uncomplicated acute maxillary sinusitis
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low
Clinical outcomes · respiratory infections
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of clinical outcomes (pain, malaise, fever) · respiratory infections
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical outcomes: pain, malaise, fever · respiratory infections
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of clinical outcomes (pain, malaise, fever) · respiratory infections
1 finding from 1 review
Pain ‐ Pain at 11 to 14 days · children with acute otitis media
Immediate antibiotics showed no clear difference in pain ‐ Pain at 11 to 14 days compared with expectant observation (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Vomiting, diarrhoea or rash · children with acute otitis media
Immediate antibiotics leads to higher vomiting, diarrhoea or rash compared with expectant observation (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Abnormal tympanometry ‐ 1 month · children with acute otitis media
Immediate antibiotics showed no clear difference in abnormal tympanometry at 4 weeks compared with expectant observation (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pain ‐ pain at 2 to 3 days · children with acute otitis media
Immediate antibiotics may leads to lower pain ‐ Pain at 2 to 3 days compared with expectant observation (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review