Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

32 questions · 33 findings · 2 reviews

No studies found 4 · 12.1%GRADE not reported 2 · 6.1%Very low 10 · 30.3%Low 11 · 33.3%Moderate 6 · 18.2%High 0 · 0%

Oral alkylating agents ± steroids vs steroids or placebo or both, or no treatment

Adverse events ‐ temporary or permanent discontinuation/hospitalisation at final · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

Oral alkylating agents ± steroids may leads to higher adverse events ‐ temporary/permanent discontinuation or… compared with placebo/no treatment/steroids (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral alkylating agents ± steroids vs steroids or placebo or both, or no treatment

Adverse events ‐ infection at 3 years · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

It is very uncertain whether oral alkylating agents ± steroids changes adverse events ‐ infection at 3 years compared with placebo/no treatment/steroids (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral alkylating agents ± steroids vs steroids or placebo or both, or no treatment

Adverse events: malignancy · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

It is very uncertain whether oral alkylating agents ± steroids changes adverse events ‐ malignancy at final compared with placebo/no treatment/steroids (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Calcineurin inhibitors ± steroids vs alkylating agents ± steroids

Death at final · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

It is very uncertain whether calcineurin inhibitors ± steroids changes death at final compared with alkylating agents ± steroids (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Calcineurin inhibitors ± steroids vs alkylating agents ± steroids

End‐stage renal disease · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

It is very uncertain whether calcineurin inhibitors ± steroids changes end‐stage kidney disease at final compared with alkylating agents ± steroids (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Calcineurin inhibitors ± steroids vs alkylating agents ± steroids

Total remission (complete or partial) at final · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

Calcineurin inhibitors ± steroids showed no clear difference in total remission at final compared with alkylating agents ± steroids (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Calcineurin inhibitors ± steroids vs alkylating agents ± steroids

Complete remission · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

Calcineurin inhibitors ± steroids showed no clear difference in complete remission at final compared with alkylating agents ± steroids (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Calcineurin inhibitors ± steroids vs alkylating agents ± steroids

Relapse · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

Calcineurin inhibitors ± steroids showed no clear difference in recurrence of disease (relapse) at final compared with alkylating agents ± steroids (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Calcineurin inhibitors ± steroids vs alkylating agents ± steroids

100% increase in SCr at final · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

It is very uncertain whether calcineurin inhibitors ± steroids changes 100% increase in SCr at final compared with alkylating agents ± steroids (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Calcineurin inhibitors ± steroids vs alkylating agents ± steroids

Adverse events ‐ temporary or permanent discontinuation/hospitalisation at final · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

It is very uncertain whether calcineurin inhibitors ± steroids changes adverse events ‐ temporary or permanent… compared with alkylating agents ± steroids (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Calcineurin inhibitors ± steroids vs alkylating agents ± steroids

Adverse events ‐ infection ( · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

Calcineurin inhibitors ± steroids showed no clear difference in adverse events ‐ infection ( compared with alkylating agents ± steroids (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Calcineurin inhibitors ± steroids vs alkylating agents ± steroids

Malignancy · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

It is very uncertain whether calcineurin inhibitors ± steroids changes adverse events ‐ malignancy (range 30 to 36 months compared with alkylating agents ± steroids (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review