Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

508 questions · 529 findings · 58 reviews

No studies found 191 · 36.1%GRADE not reported 49 · 9.3%Very low 143 · 27%Low 92 · 17.4%Moderate 51 · 9.6%High 3 · 0.6%

Any antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), at any concentration, delivered to the patient or HCW before and/or after an AGP vs No treatment or saline or water

Change in COVID-19 viral load at site(s) of irrigation · Patients without suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection undergoing aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs), and the healthcare workers…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Any antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), at any concentration, delivered to the patient or HCW before and/or after an AGP vs No treatment or saline or water

Anosmia (or disturbance in sense of smell) · Patients without suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection undergoing aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs), and the healthcare workers…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Any antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), at any concentration, delivered to the patient or HCW before and/or after an AGP vs No treatment or saline or water

Incidence of symptomatic or test-positive COVID-19 infection in HCWs or patients · Patients without suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection undergoing aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs), and the healthcare workers…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), any concentration, frequency or dosage vs No treatment or saline or water

Other adverse events (allergy, irritation/burning of nasal, oral or oropharyngeal mucosa, long-term staining of mucous membranes or teeth, accidental ingestion) · Patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Any antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), at any concentration, delivered to healthcare workers, with or without the same intervention given to the patients with COVID-19 vs No treatment or saline or water

Changes in microbiome in oral cavity, nasal cavity, oro- or nasopharynx · Healthcare workers (HCWs) treating patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), any concentration, frequency or dosage vs No treatment or saline or water

Incidence of symptomatic or test-positive COVID-19 infection in HCWs · Patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Any antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), at any concentration, delivered to healthcare workers, with or without the same intervention given to the patients with COVID-19 vs No treatment or saline or water

Incidence of symptomatic or test-positive COVID-19 infection in HCWs · Healthcare workers (HCWs) treating patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), any concentration, frequency or dosage vs No treatment or saline or water

Anosmia (or disturbance in sense of smell) · Patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Vaginal preparation with antiseptic solution vs control (no preparation or saline preparation)

Post‐cesarean endometritis · pregnant women undergoing caesarean section

Vaginal preparation with antiseptic solution probably leads to lower post‐cesarean endometritis compared with control (no preparation or saline preparation) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vaginal preparation with antiseptic solution vs control (no preparation or saline preparation)

Postoperative fever · pregnant women undergoing caesarean section

Vaginal preparation with antiseptic solution probably leads to lower postoperative fever compared with control (no preparation or saline preparation) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vaginal preparation with antiseptic solution vs control (no preparation or saline preparation)

Wound infection · pregnant women undergoing caesarean section

Vaginal preparation with antiseptic solution probably leads to lower postoperative wound infection compared with control (no preparation or saline preparation) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vaginal preparation with antiseptic solution vs control (no preparation or saline preparation)

Composite wound complication or endometritis · pregnant women undergoing caesarean section

Vaginal preparation with antiseptic solution may leads to lower composite wound complication or endometritis compared with control (no preparation or saline preparation) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Magnesium sulphate vs hypertonic saline

Clinical severity score (CSS) (RDAI score; range 0 to 17; higher = poorer outcomes) measured 25 to 48 hoursafter treatment · children up to 12 months old with acute bronchiolitis

It is very uncertain whether magnesium sulphate changes clinical severity score (CSS) (RDAI score; range 0 to 17; higher =… compared with hypertonic saline (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review