Incidence of mastitis within 6 months postpartum · postpartum breastfeeding women
Breast massage and low frequency pulse treatment may leads to lower incidence of mastitis within 6 months postpartum compared with routine care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Breast pain · postpartum breastfeeding women
Probiotics showed no clear difference in breast pain compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Recurrence of mastitis within 12 months postpartum · postpartum breastfeeding women
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Breast abscess within 6 months postpartum · postpartum breastfeeding women
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Nipple damage within 6 months postpartum · postpartum breastfeeding women
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Duration of any breastfeeding · postpartum breastfeeding women
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Breast pain · postpartum breastfeeding women
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Number of women with adverse events · postpartum breastfeeding women
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Number of women with adverse events · postpartum breastfeeding women
Probiotics may leads to lower number of women with adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Incidence of mastitis within 6 months postpartum · postpartum breastfeeding women
Antibiotics showed no clear difference in incidence of mastitis within 6 months postpartum compared with usual care or placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Recurrence of mastitis within 12 months postpartum · postpartum breastfeeding women
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Frequency of leg cramps during treatment · treating leg cramps in pregnancy
1 finding from 1 review
Composite outcome: symptoms of leg cramps (intensity and frequency) Complete recovery: no leg cramps after treatment · treating leg cramps in pregnancy
It is very uncertain whether oral magnesium changes composite outcome: symptoms of leg cramps (intensity and frequency)… compared with placebo/no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Nausea · treating leg cramps in pregnancy
Oral magnesium showed no clear difference in side effects ‐ nausea compared with placebo/no treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Interventions side effects: diarrhoea · treating leg cramps in pregnancy
Oral magnesium showed no clear difference in side effects ‐ diarrhoea compared with placebo/no treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Side effects (any reported throughout the intervention period) (ALL) · treating leg cramps in pregnancy
Oral magnesium showed no clear difference in side effects ‐ any compared with placebo/no treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Frequency of leg cramps after treatment: never · treating leg cramps in pregnancy
It is very uncertain whether oral calcium changes frequency of leg cramps after treatment: never compared with no treatment (very low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Frequency of leg cramps after treatment: never · treating leg cramps in pregnancy
1 finding from 1 review
Frequency of leg cramps after treatment: never · treating leg cramps in pregnancy
It is very uncertain whether oral calcium changes frequency of leg cramps after treatment: never compared with oral vitamin C (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Frequency of leg cramps after treatment: never · treating leg cramps in pregnancy
Oral magnesium may leads to higher frequency of leg cramps after treatment: never compared with placebo/no treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review