Intensive diet plus exercise Diagnostic criteria: 1 trial applied the WHO 1985 criteria (FPG < 7.8 mmol/L and 2‐hour glucose ≥ 7.8 mmol/L and < 11.1 mmol/L) (Fang 2004) · people at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes
Summary of findings table for metformin showed no clear difference in intensive diet plus exercise Diagnostic criteria: 1 trial applied… compared with diet and exercise or another antidiabetic drug (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
CVD mortality · adults without cardiovascular disease
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Total mortality · adults without cardiovascular disease
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
CVD mortality · adults with established cardiovascular disease
Mediterranean dietary intervention may leads to lower CVD mortality compared with usual care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Total mortality · adults with established cardiovascular disease
Mediterranean dietary intervention may leads to lower total mortality compared with usual care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Total cholesterol (mmol/L), change from baseline · adults with established cardiovascular disease
1 finding from 1 review
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L), change from baseline · adults with established cardiovascular disease
1 finding from 1 review
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L), change from baseline · adults with established cardiovascular disease
1 finding from 1 review
Triglycerides (mmol/L), change from baseline · adults with established cardiovascular disease
1 finding from 1 review
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg), change from baseline · adults with established cardiovascular disease
1 finding from 1 review
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg), change from baseline · adults with established cardiovascular disease
1 finding from 1 review
Total cholesterol (mmol/L), change from baseline · adults without cardiovascular disease
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events · adults with established cardiovascular disease
1 finding from 1 review
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L), change from baseline · adults without cardiovascular disease
1 finding from 1 review
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L), change from baseline · adults without cardiovascular disease
1 finding from 1 review
Triglycerides (mmol/L), change from baseline · adults without cardiovascular disease
1 finding from 1 review
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg), change from baseline · adults without cardiovascular disease
1 finding from 1 review
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg), change from baseline · adults without cardiovascular disease
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events · adults without cardiovascular disease
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Excessive weight gain · pregnant women
All diet and/or exercise interventions leads to lower excessive weight gain compared with standard/other care (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review