Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,125 questions · 1,173 findings · 91 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 192 · 16.4%GRADE not reported 47 · 4%Very low 199 · 17%Low 325 · 27.7%Moderate 271 · 23.1%High 139 · 11.8%

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Disease-free survival · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy showed no clear difference in disease‐free survival (landmark time 6 months) compared with primary surgery (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Overall survival by type of data ‐ Individual patient data · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy leads to lower overall survival by type of data ‐ Individual patient data compared with primary surgery (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Overall survival by type of data ‐ Aggregated data · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy probably leads to lower overall survival by type of data ‐ Aggregated data compared with primary surgery (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Overall survival by tumor site ‐ Esophagus · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival by tumor site ‐ Esophagus compared with primary surgery (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Overall survival by tumor site ‐ GE junction · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy leads to lower overall survival by tumor site ‐ GE junction compared with primary surgery (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Overall survival by tumor site ‐ Stomach · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival by tumor site ‐ Stomach compared with primary surgery (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Overall survival by chemo‐/radiotherapy ‐ Chemoradiotherapy · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy probably leads to lower overall survival by chemo‐/radiotherapy ‐ Chemoradiotherapy compared with primary surgery (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hysterectomy (simple or radical) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy vs Radiotherapy alone

Death (all causes) · women with locally advanced cervical cancer

Hysterectomy (simple or radical) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy probably leads to lower overall survival Median compared with radiotherapy alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hysterectomy (simple or radical) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy vs Radiotherapy alone

Disease or progression‐free survival Median · women with locally advanced cervical cancer

Hysterectomy (simple or radical) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy showed no clear difference in disease‐ or progression‐free survival Median compared with radiotherapy alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hysterectomy (simple or radical) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy vs Radiotherapy alone

Severe adverse events and toxicity · women with locally advanced cervical cancer

Hysterectomy (simple or radical) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy showed no clear difference in severe adverse events and toxicity compared with radiotherapy alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 3): chemotherapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

Overall survival · palliative participants with esophageal and GE‐junction carcinoma

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 3): chemotherapy agent(s)… probably leads to lower overall survival compared with control intervention alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 3): chemotherapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

Toxicity · palliative participants with esophageal and GE‐junction carcinoma

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table (subcomparison 3): chemotherapy agent(s)… changes toxicity compared with control intervention alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 5): chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s) plus control intervention vs control intervention

Overall survival · palliative participants with esophageal and GE‐junction carcinoma

Summary of findings table: chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s)… leads to lower overall survival compared with control intervention alone (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review