Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

329 questions · 345 findings · 47 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 93 · 27%GRADE not reported 8 · 2.3%Very low 44 · 12.8%Low 118 · 34.2%Moderate 75 · 21.7%High 7 · 2%

Summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) vs no treatment (comparison 1)

Maternal death · nipple stimulation (suckling) for preventing postpartum haemorrhage in the third stage of labour.

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) changes maternal death compared with no treatment (comparison 1) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) vs no treatment (comparison 1)

Frequency of PPH ≥ 500 mL · nipple stimulation (suckling) for preventing postpartum haemorrhage in the third stage of labour.

Summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) showed no clear difference in frequency of PPH ≥ 500 mL compared with no treatment (comparison 1) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) vs no treatment (comparison 1)

Retained placenta · nipple stimulation (suckling) for preventing postpartum haemorrhage in the third stage of labour.

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) changes retained placenta compared with no treatment (comparison 1) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) vs no treatment (comparison 1)

Perinatal mortality · nipple stimulation (suckling) for preventing postpartum haemorrhage in the third stage of labour.

Summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) showed no clear difference in perinatal death compared with no treatment (comparison 1) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) vs no treatment (comparison 1)

Maternal admission to hospital · nipple stimulation (suckling) for preventing postpartum haemorrhage in the third stage of labour.

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) changes maternal admission to hospital compared with no treatment (comparison 1) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review