Findings

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,721 questions · 19,640 findings · 2,039 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 3,754 · 19.1%GRADE not reported 1,273 · 6.5%Very low 4,859 · 24.7%Low 5,568 · 28.4%Moderate 3,240 · 16.5%High 946 · 4.8%

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Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs placebo or no treatment

Fatal or nonfatal stroke · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers showed no clear difference in fatal or nonfatal stroke Median compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs placebo or no treatment

Fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers showed no clear difference in fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction Median compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs placebo or no treatment

Micro‐ to macroalbuminuria Median · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers may leads to lower micro‐ to macroalbuminuria Median compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs placebo or no treatment

Micro‐ to normoalbuminuria Median · people with diabetes and kidney disease

It is very uncertain whether angiotensin receptor blockers changes micro‐ to normoalbuminuria Median compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis)

Death (all causes) · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers showed no clear difference in all‐cause death Median compared with angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis)

Cardiovascular mortality · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers showed no clear difference in cardiovascular death Median compared with angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis)

Doubling of SCr Median · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers showed no clear difference in doubling of SCr Median compared with angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis)

Fatal or nonfatal stroke · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers showed no clear difference in fatal or nonfatal stroke Median compared with angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis)

Fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers showed no clear difference in fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction Median compared with angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs placebo or no treatment

Cardiovascular mortality · people with diabetes and kidney disease

It is very uncertain whether angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors changes cardiovascular death Median compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis)

Micro‐ to macroalbuminuria Median · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers showed no clear difference in micro‐ to macroalbuminuria Median compared with angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis)

Micro‐ to normoalbuminuria Median · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers showed no clear difference in micro‐ to normoalbuminuria Median compared with angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Dual therapy (angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors plus angiotensin receptor blockers) vs placebo or no treatment

Fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction · people with diabetes and kidney disease

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Dual therapy (angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors plus angiotensin receptor blockers) vs placebo or no treatment

Micro‐ to normoalbuminuria6 · people with diabetes and kidney disease

It is very uncertain whether dual therapy (angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors plus… changes micro‐ to normoalbuminuria6 compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers

Death (all causes) · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) alone showed no clear difference in all‐cause death Median compared with ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review