Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,749 questions · 14,261 findings · 832 reviews

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No studies found 3,655 · 25.6%GRADE not reported 2,111 · 14.8%Very low 3,646 · 25.6%Low 3,028 · 21.2%Moderate 1,501 · 10.5%High 320 · 2.2%

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Modafinil vs placebo

Fatigue –reduced motivation Subscale from CIS · people with a primary brain tumour

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of fatigue in adults with a primary brain tumour 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 37 participants
Very low

Porter 2020: armodafinil vs placebo

Cognition Symbol Digit Modalities Test (median (range)) · people with a primary brain tumour

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of fatigue in adults with a primary brain tumour 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 180 participants
Low

Porter 2020: armodafinil vs placebo

Quality of life, self‐rated at post‐treatment · people with a primary brain tumour

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of fatigue in adults with a primary brain tumour 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 232 participants
Low

Porter 2020: armodafinil vs placebo

Adverse events (grade ≥ 3) · people with a primary brain tumour

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of fatigue in adults with a primary brain tumour 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 328 participants
Low

Modafinil vs placebo

Fatigue –reduced activity Subscale from CIS · people with a primary brain tumour

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of fatigue in adults with a primary brain tumour 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 37 participants
Very low

Modafinil vs placebo

Fatigue –severity Subscale from CIS · people with a primary brain tumour

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of fatigue in adults with a primary brain tumour 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 37 participants
Very low

Modafinil vs placebo

Adverse events ( · people with a primary brain tumour

It is very uncertain whether boele 2013: modafinil changes adverse events ( compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of fatigue in adults with a primary brain tumour 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.79 [0.59, 13.16]
1 study · 37 participants
Very low

Laigle‐Donadey 2019: dexamfetamine sulfate vs placebo

Fatigue · people with a primary brain tumour

2 findings from 1 review

Interventions for the management of fatigue in adults with a primary brain tumour 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 41 participants
Very low
Interventions for the management of fatigue in adults with a primary brain tumour 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 41 participants
Very low

Laigle‐Donadey 2019: dexamfetamine sulfate vs placebo

Cognition Trail Making Test A · people with a primary brain tumour

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of fatigue in adults with a primary brain tumour 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 41 participants
Very low

Laigle‐Donadey 2019: dexamfetamine sulfate vs placebo

Cognition Trail Making Test B · people with a primary brain tumour

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of fatigue in adults with a primary brain tumour 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 41 participants
Very low

Self‐management training vs usual care

Self‐efficacy · people with CKD

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving health literacy in people with chronic kidney disease 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 417 participants
Low

Self‐management training vs usual care

QoL · people with CKD

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving health literacy in people with chronic kidney disease 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 1470 participants
Low

Self‐management training vs usual care

Death · people with CKD

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving health literacy in people with chronic kidney disease 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 89 participants
GRADE not reported

Self‐management training vs usual care

eGFR · people with CKD

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving health literacy in people with chronic kidney disease 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 855 participants
Moderate

Self‐management training vs usual care

Hospital admissions · people with CKD

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving health literacy in people with chronic kidney disease 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 285 participants
Low

Self‐management training vs usual care

Knowledge: kidney disease‐related knowledge · people with CKD

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving health literacy in people with chronic kidney disease 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 103 participants
Low

Self‐management training vs usual care

Self‐care behaviour · people with CKD

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving health literacy in people with chronic kidney disease 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 497 participants
Low

Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) intervention vs no WASH intervention

Outcome (design) · children and adults

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to improve water, sanitation, and hygiene for preventing soil‐transmitted helminth infection 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) intervention vs no WASH intervention

Any STH prevalence · children and adults

Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) intervention showed no clear difference in any STH prevalence compared with no WASH intervention (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to improve water, sanitation, and hygiene for preventing soil‐transmitted helminth infection 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.86 [0.74, 1.01]
14 studies · 36055 participants
Moderate

Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) intervention vs no WASH intervention

Ascaris lumbricoides prevalence · children and adults

Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) intervention showed no clear difference in ascaris lumbricoides prevalence compared with no WASH intervention (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to improve water, sanitation, and hygiene for preventing soil‐transmitted helminth infection 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.87 [0.73, 1.03]
11 studies · 25576 participants
Moderate