Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,268 questions · 1,343 findings · 197 reviews

No studies found 317 · 23.6%GRADE not reported 189 · 14.1%Very low 356 · 26.5%Low 271 · 20.2%Moderate 173 · 12.9%High 37 · 2.8%

Buccal fat pad graft vs Extended nasolabial flap

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

It is very uncertain whether buccal fat pad graft changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with extended nasolabial flap (very low certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Pentoxifylline vs multivitamin and mineral supplement

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
1 finding from 1 review
  • Rajendran 2006 (pentoxifylline 14 vs multivitamins 15): reported increased interincisal distance in the pentoxifylline group but no baseline data, so change could not be determined; excluded from meta-analysis.
    1 study · 29 participants
    GRADE not reported

Oxitard (antioxidant) vs Topical aloe vera gel

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

Oxitard (antioxidant) may leads to higher maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with aloe vera gel (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Spirulina vs Oxitard (antioxidant)

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

Spirulina may leads to lower maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with oxitard (antioxidant) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intralesional steroid injections vs Alternative medicinal treatments

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

Intralesional steroid injections showed no clear difference in maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with alternative medicinal treatments (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Abdominal dermal fat graft vs Nasolabial flap

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

It is very uncertain whether abdominal dermal fat graft changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with nasolabial flap (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Levamisole vs Antioxidant (Antoxid)

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

It is very uncertain whether levamisole changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with antioxidant (Antoxid) (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Spirulina vs Topical aloe vera gel

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
1 finding from 1 review

Intralesional triamcinolone vs Intralesional triamcinolone plus salvianolic acid B

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

It is very uncertain whether intralesional triamcinolone changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with intralesional triamcinolone plus salvianolic acid B (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intralesional dexamethasone injections vs placebo injection

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

It is very uncertain whether intralesional dexamethasone injections changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with placebo injections (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Pentoxifylline vs Placebo or no active treatment

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

It is very uncertain whether pentoxifylline changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with placebo or no active treatment (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Intralesional betamethasone vs placebo

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
1 finding from 1 review
  • Goel 2015 (3-arm: intralesional betamethasone vs lycopene vs placebo, 90 per arm): appeared to show increased interincisal distance in both intervention groups vs placebo, but only between-group differences with no…
    1 study · 180 participants
    GRADE not reported

Tongue depressor stretches (physiotherapy) vs Intralesional steroid plus hyaluronidase injections

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

It is very uncertain whether tongue depressor stretches (physiotherapy) changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with intralesional steroid plus hyaluronidase injections (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hydrocortisone plus hyaluronidase (intralesional) vs Intralesional steroid plus hyaluronidase injections

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
1 finding from 1 review
  • Singh 2010 (hydrocortisone+hyaluronidase 50 vs triamcinolone+hyaluronidase 50): mouth opening reported categorically (trismus) rather than as continuous data, precluding quantitative analysis; authors found no…
    1 study · 100 participants
    GRADE not reported

Antioxidant capsules vs Topical aloe vera gel

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
1 finding from 1 review
  • Sudarshan 2012 (topical aloe vera 10 vs antioxidant capsules 10): reported improvement in interincisal distance but no baseline data, so change could not be determined; excluded from meta-analysis.
    1 study · 20 participants
    GRADE not reported

Pentoxifylline vs Spirulina

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

Pentoxifylline may leads to lower maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with spirulina (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hydrocortisone plus hyaluronidase (intralesional) vs Placebo or no active treatment

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

It is very uncertain whether hydrocortisone plus hyaluronidase (intralesional) changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with placebo or no active treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review