Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

379 questions · 472 findings · 38 reviews

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No studies found 115 · 24.4%GRADE not reported 157 · 33.3%Very low 89 · 18.9%Low 63 · 13.3%Moderate 36 · 7.6%High 12 · 2.5%

Moxifloxacin + SRP vs SRP

Adverse events · Adults with chronic periodontitis

Moxifloxacin + SRP showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with SRP; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
The included trial (Ardila 2015) had no adverse events amongst the participants.
1 study · 40 participants
GRADE not reported

Azithromycin + SRP vs SRP

Clinical attachment level (CAL) · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive)

It is very uncertain whether azithromycin + SRP changes clinical attachment level (CAL) compared with SRP (very low certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Long-term (≥ 1 year)
MD -0.59 [-1.27, 0.08]
2 studies · 110 participants
Very low
Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Intermediate-term (> 3 months to < 1 year)
MD -0.43 [-0.77, -0.10]
7 studies · 258 participants
GRADE not reported
Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Short-term (≤ 3 months)
MD -0.51 [-0.83, -0.19]
6 studies · 216 participants
GRADE not reported

Doxycycline + SRP vs SRP

Patient-reported quality of life changes · Adults with aggressive periodontitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Long-term (≥ 1 year)
Included studies have not reported this outcome
Studies not reported
No studies found

Clarithromycin + SRP vs SRP

Adverse events · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive)

Clarithromycin + SRP showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with SRP; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Both included trials reported adverse events in the clarithromycin + SRP group: unpalatable taste and mild gastric intolerance in 2 patients (Pradeep 2011); mild gastrointestinal discomfort in 2 patients (Rebelatto…
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported

Levofloxacin + SRP vs SRP

Adverse events · Adults with chronic periodontitis

Levofloxacin + SRP showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with SRP; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Both included trials (Pradeep 2014; Pradeep 2015) reported dizziness and diarrhoea in the levofloxacin + SRP group.
2 studies
GRADE not reported

Tetracycline + SRP vs SRP

Percentage of closed pockets · Adults with aggressive periodontitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Long-term (≥ 1 year)
Included studies have not reported this outcome
Studies not reported
No studies found

Moxifloxacin + SRP vs SRP

Probing pocket depth · Adults with chronic periodontitis

Moxifloxacin + SRP led to lower probing pocket depth compared with SRP; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Intermediate-term (> 3 months to < 1 year)
MD -0.42 [-0.74, -0.10]
1 study · 40 participants
GRADE not reported
Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Short-term (≤ 3 months)
MD -0.55 [-0.87, -0.23]
1 study · 40 participants
GRADE not reported

Amoxicillin + metronidazole + SRP vs SRP

Patient-reported quality of life changes · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Long-term (≥ 1 year)
Included studies have not reported this outcome
Studies not reported
No studies found

Cefixime + SRP vs SRP

Adverse events · Adults with chronic periodontitis

Cefixime + SRP showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with SRP; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
The only included trial (Dukic 2016) reported nausea, dizziness and/or anorexia in the cefixime + SRP group.
1 study · 60 participants
GRADE not reported

Cefixime + SRP vs SRP

Percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) · Adults with chronic periodontitis

Cefixime + SRP led to lower percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) compared with SRP; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Short-term (≤ 3 months)
MD -0.48 [-0.60, -0.37]
1 study · 60 participants
GRADE not reported

Moxifloxacin + SRP vs SRP

Clinical attachment level (CAL) · Adults with chronic periodontitis

Moxifloxacin + SRP led to lower clinical attachment level (CAL) compared with SRP; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Short-term (≤ 3 months)
MD -0.67 [-1.01, -0.33]
1 study · 40 participants
GRADE not reported
Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Intermediate-term (> 3 months to < 1 year)
MD -0.63 [-0.95, -0.31]
1 study · 40 participants
GRADE not reported

Clarithromycin + SRP vs SRP

Probing pocket depth · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive)

Clarithromycin + SRP led to lower probing pocket depth compared with SRP; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Short-term (≤ 3 months)
MD -0.59 [-1.17, -0.01]
2 studies · 77 participants
GRADE not reported
Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Intermediate-term (> 3 months to < 1 year)
MD -0.67 [-1.33, -0.01]
2 studies · 77 participants
GRADE not reported

Amoxicillin + clavulanate + SRP vs SRP

Percentage of closed pockets · Adults with chronic periodontitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Long-term (≥ 1 year)
Included studies have not reported this outcome
Studies not reported
No studies found

Doxycycline + SRP vs SRP

Percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) · Adults with aggressive periodontitis

Doxycycline + SRP showed no clear difference in percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) compared with SRP; GRADE not reported.

3 findings from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Intermediate-term (> 3 months to < 1 year)
MD -0.01 [-0.21, 0.19]
1 study · 21 participants
GRADE not reported
Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Long-term (≥ 1 year)
Included studies have not reported this outcome
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Short-term (≤ 3 months)
MD -0.09 [-0.29, 0.11]
1 study · 21 participants
GRADE not reported

Amoxicillin + metronidazole + SRP vs Clarithromycin + SRP

Percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) · Adults with aggressive periodontitis

Amoxicillin + metronidazole + SRP showed no clear difference in percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) compared with clarithromycin + SRP; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Intermediate-term (> 3 months to < 1 year)
MD 4.00 [-1.09, 9.09]
1 study · 46 participants
GRADE not reported
Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Short-term (≤ 3 months)
MD 5.40 [-0.12, 10.92]
1 study · 46 participants
GRADE not reported

Amoxicillin + clavulanate + SRP vs Tetracycline + SRP

Percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) · Adults with aggressive periodontitis

Amoxicillin + clavulanate + SRP showed no clear difference in percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) compared with tetracycline + SRP; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Intermediate-term (> 3 months to < 1 year)
MD -1.60 [-14.03, 10.83]
1 study · 8 participants
GRADE not reported

Amoxicillin + clavulanate + SRP vs SRP

Patient-reported quality of life changes · Adults with chronic periodontitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Long-term (≥ 1 year)
Included studies have not reported this outcome
Studies not reported
No studies found

Metronidazole + SRP vs SRP

Adverse events · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive)

It is very uncertain whether metronidazole + SRP changes adverse events compared with SRP (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Long-term (≥ 1 year)
No severe adverse effects were reported by any of the participants in 1 study. 2 studies have not reported adverse events.
3 studies · 71 participants
Very low

Tetracycline + SRP vs SRP

Adverse events · Adults with aggressive periodontitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
Long-term (≥ 1 year)
Included study has not reported adverse events
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

FEV1 change from start of treatment (L) · adults and children with cystic fibrosis and P aeruginosa

1 finding from 1 review

Standard versus biofilm antimicrobial susceptibility testing to guide antibiotic therapy in cystic fibrosis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 68 participants
High