Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,756 questions · 13,493 findings · 1,305 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 2,594 · 19.2%GRADE not reported 728 · 5.4%Very low 2,868 · 21.3%Low 3,777 · 28%Moderate 2,620 · 19.4%High 906 · 6.7%

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ChAdOx1 – AstraZeneca + University of Oxford vs placebo

Any adverse eventl

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 57580 participants
Low

ChAdOx1 – AstraZeneca + University of Oxford vs placebo

Serious adverse eventso

ChAdOx1 – AstraZeneca + University of Oxford showed no clear difference in serious adverse eventso compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.88 [0.72, 1.07]
7 studies · 58182 participants
Moderate

ChAdOx1 – AstraZeneca + University of Oxford vs placebo

Local reactogenicity events

ChAdOx1 – AstraZeneca + University of Oxford probably leads to higher local reactogenicity eventsi compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 6.44 [2.98, 13.92]
1 study · 256 participants
Moderate

BNT162b2 – Pfizer/BioNTech + Fosun Pharma vs placebo

All‐cause mortalityg

BNT162b2 – Pfizer/BioNTech + Fosun Pharma showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortalityg compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.07 [0.52, 2.22]
1 study · 43847 participants
Low

AD26.COV2.S – Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies vs placebo

Confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

AD26.COV2.S – Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies vs placebo

Confirmed symptomatic COVID‐19b

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 39058 participants
High

AD26.COV2.S – Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies vs placebo

Severe or critical COVID‐19

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 39058 participants
High

AD26.COV2.S – Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies vs placebo

All‐cause mortalityb

AD26.COV2.S – Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies leads to lower all‐cause mortalityb compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.25 [0.09, 0.67]
1 study · 43783 participants
High

AD26.COV2.S – Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies vs placebo

Serious adverse eventsb

AD26.COV2.S – Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies showed no clear difference in serious adverse eventsb compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.92 [0.69, 1.22]
1 study · 43783 participants
Moderate

AD26.COV2.S – Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies vs placebo

Systemic reactogenicity events

AD26.COV2.S – Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies leads to higher systemic reactogenicity eventse compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.83 [1.29, 2.6]
2 studies · 7222 participants
High

AD26.COV2.S – Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies vs placebo

Any adverse eventh

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 7222 participants
Low

Gam‐COVID‐VAC – Sputnik V vs placebo

Confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Gam‐COVID‐VAC – Sputnik V vs placebo

Confirmed symptomatic COVID‐19b

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 18695 participants
Moderate

BNT162b2 – Pfizer/BioNTech + Fosun Pharma vs placebo

Systemic reactogenicity events

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Gam‐COVID‐VAC – Sputnik V vs placebo

Severe or critical COVID‐19

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 19866 participants
Moderate

Gam‐COVID‐VAC – Sputnik V vs placebo

All‐cause mortalityf

It is very uncertain whether gam‐COVID‐VAC – Sputnik V changes all‐cause mortalityf compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.99 [0.1, 9.54]
1 study · 21862 participants
Very low

Gam‐COVID‐VAC – Sputnik V vs placebo

Systemic reactogenicity events

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Gam‐COVID‐VAC – Sputnik V vs placebo

Any adverse event

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Gam‐COVID‐VAC – Sputnik V vs placebo

Serious adverse eventsf

Gam‐COVID‐VAC – Sputnik V showed no clear difference in serious adverse eventsf compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.65 [0.39, 1.07]
1 study · 21862 participants
Low

Gam‐COVID‐VAC – Sputnik V vs placebo

Local reactogenicity events

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found