Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,756 questions · 13,493 findings · 1,305 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 2,594 · 19.2%GRADE not reported 728 · 5.4%Very low 2,868 · 21.3%Low 3,777 · 28%Moderate 2,620 · 19.4%High 906 · 6.7%

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mRNA‐1273 – ModernaTX vs placebo

All‐cause mortalityf

mRNA‐1273 – ModernaTX showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortalityf compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.06 [0.54, 2.1]
1 study · 30346 participants
Low

mRNA‐1273 – ModernaTX vs placebo

Systemic reactogenicity events

mRNA‐1273 – ModernaTX leads to higher systemic reactogenicity eventsi compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.28 [1.22, 1.34]
2 studies · 34037 participants
High

mRNA‐1273 – ModernaTX vs placebo

Any adverse eventk

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 32995 participants
Low

mRNA‐1273 – ModernaTX vs placebo

Serious adverse eventsl

mRNA‐1273 – ModernaTX showed no clear difference in serious adverse eventsl compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.92 [0.78, 1.08]
2 studies · 34072 participants
Moderate

mRNA‐1273 – ModernaTX vs placebo

Local reactogenicity events

mRNA‐1273 – ModernaTX leads to higher local reactogenicity eventsi compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3.3 [2.02, 5.4]
2 studies · 34037 participants
High

CVnCoV – CureVac AG vs placebo

Confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

CVnCoV – CureVac AG vs placebo

Confirmed symptomatic COVID‐19b

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 25062 participants
Moderate

CVnCoV – CureVac AG vs placebo

Severe or critical COVID‐19

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 25062 participants
Very low

BNT162b2 – Pfizer/BioNTech + Fosun Pharma vs placebo

Confirmed symptomatic COVID‐19b

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 44077 participants
High

CVnCoV – CureVac AG vs placebo

All‐cause mortalityh

It is very uncertain whether CVnCoV – CureVac AG changes all‐cause mortalityh compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.33 [0.46, 3.83]
1 study · 39529 participants
Very low

CVnCoV – CureVac AG vs placebo

Systemic reactogenicity events

CVnCoV – CureVac AG leads to higher systemic reactogenicity eventsi compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.48 [1.43, 1.53]
1 study · 3982 participants
High

CVnCoV – CureVac AG vs placebo

Any adverse eventj

CVnCoV – CureVac AG probably leads to higher any adverse eventj compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.42 [1.38, 1.47]
1 study · 3982 participants
Moderate

CVnCoV – CureVac AG vs placebo

Serious adverse eventsk

CVnCoV – CureVac AG showed no clear difference in serious adverse eventsk compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.24 [0.9, 1.71]
1 study · 39529 participants
Low

CVnCoV – CureVac AG vs placebo

Local reactogenicity events

CVnCoV – CureVac AG leads to higher local reactogenicity eventsi compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3.51 [3.24, 3.81]
1 study · 3982 participants
High

ChAdOx1 – AstraZeneca + University of Oxford vs placebo

Confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 43390 participants
Moderate

ChAdOx1 – AstraZeneca + University of Oxford vs placebo

Confirmed symptomatic COVID‐19b

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 43390 participants
High

ChAdOx1 – AstraZeneca + University of Oxford vs placebo

Severe or critical COVID‐19

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

ChAdOx1 – AstraZeneca + University of Oxford vs placebo

All‐cause mortalityf

ChAdOx1 – AstraZeneca + University of Oxford showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortalityf compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.48 [0.2, 1.14]
5 studies · 56727 participants
Low

ChAdOx1 – AstraZeneca + University of Oxford vs placebo

Systemic reactogenicity events

ChAdOx1 – AstraZeneca + University of Oxford probably leads to higher systemic reactogenicity eventsi compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3.93 [2.11, 7.29]
1 study · 256 participants
Moderate

BNT162b2 – Pfizer/BioNTech + Fosun Pharma vs placebo

Severe or critical COVID‐19

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 46077 participants
High