Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,730 questions · 18,059 findings · 1,282 reviews

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No studies found 4,360 · 24.1%GRADE not reported 2,529 · 14%Very low 4,641 · 25.7%Low 4,007 · 22.2%Moderate 2,057 · 11.4%High 465 · 2.6%

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Neurohormones vs placebo

Irritability · participants (any age) with a clinical diagnosis of ASD who have displayed one or more unwanted or challenging behaviours at baseline…

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological intervention for irritability, aggression, and self‐injury in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 466 participants
Very low

Neurohormones vs placebo

Aggression · participants (any age) with a clinical diagnosis of ASD who have displayed one or more unwanted or challenging behaviours at baseline…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological intervention for irritability, aggression, and self‐injury in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Neurohormones vs placebo

Self‐injury · participants (any age) with a clinical diagnosis of ASD who have displayed one or more unwanted or challenging behaviours at baseline…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological intervention for irritability, aggression, and self‐injury in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Neurohormones vs placebo

Adverse effects · participants (any age) with a clinical diagnosis of ASD who have displayed one or more unwanted or challenging behaviours at baseline…

It is very uncertain whether neurohormones changes adverse effects compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological intervention for irritability, aggression, and self‐injury in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.58 [0.38, 0.89]
10 studies · 863 participants
Very low

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)‐related drugs vs placebo

Irritability · participants (any age) with a clinical diagnosis of ASD who have displayed one or more unwanted or challenging behaviours at baseline…

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological intervention for irritability, aggression, and self‐injury in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
10 studies · 400 participants
Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Light therapy vs usual care

Total nocturnal sleep time (minutes) · sleep disturbances in dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep disturbances in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 82 participants
Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Physical activities vs usual care

Sleep efficiency · sleep disturbances in dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep disturbances in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 167 participants
Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Physical activities vs usual care

Total wake time at night (minutes) · sleep disturbances in dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep disturbances in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 65 participants
Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Physical activities vs usual care

Number of nocturnal awakenings · sleep disturbances in dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep disturbances in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 65 participants
Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Physical activities vs usual care

Sleep onset latency ‐ not reported · sleep disturbances in dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep disturbances in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Physical activities vs usual care

Adverse events · sleep disturbances in dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep disturbances in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 167 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Social activities vs usual care

Total nocturnal sleep time (minutes) · sleep disturbances in dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep disturbances in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 236 participants
Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Social activities vs usual care

Consolidated sleep ‐ not measured · sleep disturbances in dementia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep disturbances in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Social activities vs usual care

Sleep efficiency · sleep disturbances in dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep disturbances in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 236 participants
Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Social activities vs usual care

Total wake time at night (minutes) · sleep disturbances in dementia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep disturbances in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Social activities vs usual care

Number of nocturnal awakenings ‐ not reported · sleep disturbances in dementia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep disturbances in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Light therapy vs usual care

Consolidated sleep ‐ not measured · sleep disturbances in dementia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep disturbances in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Social activities vs usual care

Sleep onset latency ‐ not reported · sleep disturbances in dementia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep disturbances in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Social activities vs usual care

Adverse events · sleep disturbances in dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep disturbances in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 236 participants
Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Light therapy vs usual care

Sleep efficiency · sleep disturbances in dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep disturbances in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 133 participants
Very low