What do systematic reviews say?

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in number of days on antibiotics for acute exacerbations (moderate certainty).

• Standard (head‐down tilt) versus modified (without head‐down tilt) postural drainage in infants and young children… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 16 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Standard (head‐down tilt) versus modified (without head‐down tilt) postural drainage in infants and young children… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 12 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in pulmonary function test (FVC) % predicted (moderate certainty).

• Standard (head‐down tilt) versus modified (without head‐down tilt) postural drainage in infants and young children… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 16
  1 study · 14 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes incidence of any surgical site infection (very low certainty).

• Wound drainage for lower limb arterial surgery 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.33 [0.3, 5.94]
  1 study · 50 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Wound drainage for lower limb arterial surgery 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Wound drainage for lower limb arterial surgery 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Wound drainage for lower limb arterial surgery 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Drain vs No drain

It is very uncertain whether drain changes 30‐day mortality Death during the compared with no drain (very low certainty).

• Abdominal drainage versus no drainage post‐gastrectomy for gastric cancer 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.73 [0.38, 7.84]
  4 studies · 438 participants
  Very low

Drain vs No drain

• Abdominal drainage versus no drainage post‐gastrectomy for gastric cancer 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 4 participants
  Low

Drain vs No drain

It is very uncertain whether drain changes re‐operations Re‐operations during the compared with no drain (very low certainty).

• Abdominal drainage versus no drainage post‐gastrectomy for gastric cancer 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.49 [0.71, 8.74]
  2 studies · 230 participants
  Very low

Drain vs No drain

• Abdominal drainage versus no drainage post‐gastrectomy for gastric cancer 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 378 participants
  Low

Drain vs No drain

• Abdominal drainage versus no drainage post‐gastrectomy for gastric cancer 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 438 participants
  Low

Routine abdominal drain vs No drain

It is very uncertain whether routine abdominal drain changes mortality compared with 'no drain' (very low certainty).

• Routine abdominal drainage versus no abdominal drainage for uncomplicated laparoscopic cholecystectomy 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.41 [0.04, 4.37]
  10 studies · 1681 participants
  Very low

Routine abdominal drain vs No drain

It is very uncertain whether routine abdominal drain changes serious adverse events (proportion of patients) compared with 'no drain' (very low certainty).

• Routine abdominal drainage versus no abdominal drainage for uncomplicated laparoscopic cholecystectomy 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.12 [0.67, 6.4]
  7 studies · 1143 participants
  Very low

Routine abdominal drain vs No drain

It is very uncertain whether routine abdominal drain changes serious adverse events (number of events) compared with 'no drain' (very low certainty).

• Routine abdominal drainage versus no abdominal drainage for uncomplicated laparoscopic cholecystectomy 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  rate ratio 1.6 [0.66, 3.87]
  8 studies · 1286 participants
  Very low

Routine abdominal drain vs No drain

• Routine abdominal drainage versus no abdominal drainage for uncomplicated laparoscopic cholecystectomy 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 93 participants
  Very low

Routine abdominal drain vs No drain

It is very uncertain whether routine abdominal drain changes same day discharge compared with 'no drain' (very low certainty).

• Routine abdominal drainage versus no abdominal drainage for uncomplicated laparoscopic cholecystectomy 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.05 [0, 0.75]
  1 study · 68 participants
  Very low

Routine abdominal drain vs No drain

• Routine abdominal drainage versus no abdominal drainage for uncomplicated laparoscopic cholecystectomy 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 419 participants
  Very low

Routine abdominal drain vs No drain

• Routine abdominal drainage versus no abdominal drainage for uncomplicated laparoscopic cholecystectomy 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 745 participants
  Very low