Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

509 questions · 521 findings · 45 reviews

No studies found 87 · 16.7%GRADE not reported 61 · 11.7%Very low 166 · 31.9%Low 120 · 23%Moderate 73 · 14%High 14 · 2.7%

PERPHENAZINE vs antipsychotics

Other adverse events: any serious adverse event ‐ short and long term · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether PERPHENAZINE changes other adverse events: any serious adverse event ‐ short and long term compared with ANY ANTIPSYCHOTICS (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

PERPHENAZINE vs antipsychotics

Service use and hospitalisation: admission ‐ not reported · patients with schizophrenia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

PERPHENAZINE vs antipsychotics

Global state: Change over time ‐ no better or deterioration ‐ short and medium term as defined in each study · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether PERPHENAZINE changes global state: Change over time ‐ no better or deterioration ‐ short… compared with ANY ANTIPSYCHOTICS (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

PERPHENAZINE vs antipsychotics

Mental state: State ‐ 'no effect' BPRS score reduction · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether PERPHENAZINE changes mental state: State ‐ 'no effect' BPRS score reduction compared with ANY ANTIPSYCHOTICS (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lithium vs antipsychotics

> 50% reduction in depressive symptoms · schizophrenia

Lithium showed no clear difference in clinically significant response on depressive symptoms at least 50%… compared with antipsychotics (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lithium vs antipsychotics

Clinically significant response on manic symptoms at least 50% Bech‐Rafaelsen improvement · schizophrenia

Lithium showed no clear difference in clinically significant response on manic symptoms at least 50%… compared with antipsychotics (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lithium vs antipsychotics

Clinically significant response on positive symptoms at least 50% MS improvement · schizophrenia

Lithium may leads to lower clinically significant response on positive symptoms at least 50% MS… compared with antipsychotics (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lithium vs antipsychotics

Kidney dysfunction outcome not available in any study · schizophrenia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Lithium vs antipsychotics

Thyroid dysfunction outcome not available in any study · schizophrenia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Lithium vs antipsychotics

Response to treatment clinically relevant response as defined by the authors · schizophrenia

Lithium showed no clear difference in response to treatment clinically relevant response as defined by the… compared with antipsychotics (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lithium vs antipsychotics

Acceptability ‐ total dropouts · schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether lithium changes acceptability of treatment leaving early due to any reason compared with antipsychotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

FLUPENTHIXOL DECANOATE vs other depot antipsychotic drugs

Clinical response: global state ‐ no clinical improvement ‐ short term Rates of improvement · patients with schizophrenia or related psychoses

FLUPENTHIXOL DECANOATE showed no clear difference in clinical response: global state ‐ no clinical improvement ‐ short… compared with OTHER DEPOT ANTIPSYCHOTICS (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

FLUPENTHIXOL DECANOATE vs other depot antipsychotic drugs

Leaving the study early ‐ short/medium term Rate of attrition · patients with schizophrenia or related psychoses

FLUPENTHIXOL DECANOATE showed no clear difference in leaving the study early ‐ short/medium term Rate of attrition compared with OTHER DEPOT ANTIPSYCHOTICS (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

FLUPENTHIXOL DECANOATE vs other depot antipsychotic drugs

Adverse effects: general ‐ movement disorders ‐ requiring anticholinergic medication ‐ short/medium term Numbers requiring anticholinergic medication · patients with schizophrenia or related psychoses

FLUPENTHIXOL DECANOATE showed no clear difference in adverse effects: general ‐ movement disorders ‐ requiring… compared with OTHER DEPOT ANTIPSYCHOTICS (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

FLUPENTHIXOL DECANOATE vs GENERAL ORAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS

Global state: Response ‐ proxy outcome ‐ mental state: 1. General ‐ average score (Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale by over 24 weeks · patients with schizophrenia or related psychoses

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review