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Search review questions

Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.

Population

Intervention or exposure

Comparison

Outcome

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Field or topic

Source

Review versions

1,080 questions in 109 reviews · Acute Respiratory Infections

current versions

No studies 132 · 12.2%Ungraded 90 · 8.3%Very low 169 · 15.6%Low 306 · 28.3%Moderate 287 · 26.6%High 96 · 8.9%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Question	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Provider‐ or system‐based interventions vs no intervention or another intervention Payment to physicians versus no payment · people aged 60 years and older living in the community Interventions to increase influenza vaccination rates of those 60 years and older in the community (2018) · Cochrane	OR 2.22 [1.77, 2.77]	2 studies · 2815 participants	High
Provider‐ or system‐based interventions vs no intervention or another intervention Intervention to increase staff influenza vaccination rate versus no intervention · people aged 60 years and older living in the community Interventions to increase influenza vaccination rates of those 60 years and older in the community (2018) · Cochrane	OR 1.04 [0.97, 1.12]	1 study · 26432 participants	High
Increasing community demand vs no intervention or another intervention Client reminder and recall (letter + leaflet or postcard) compared to letter · people aged 60 years and older living in the community Interventions to increase influenza vaccination rates of those 60 years and older in the community (2018) · Cochrane	OR 1.11 [1.07, 1.15]	3 studies · 64200 participants	High
Increasing community demand vs no intervention or another intervention Client reminder and recall (customised letter or phone call) compared to form letter · people aged 60 years and older living in the community Interventions to increase influenza vaccination rates of those 60 years and older in the community (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	4 studies · 82465 participants	High
Increasing community demand vs no intervention or another intervention Client reminder and recall (telephone call from retired teacher plus educational brochure) compared to usual publicity · people aged 60 years and older living in the community Interventions to increase influenza vaccination rates of those 60 years and older in the community (2018) · Cochrane	OR 3.33 [1.79, 6.22]	1 study · 193 participants	High
Increasing community demand vs no intervention or another intervention Client reminder and recall (telephone invitation) compared to invitation to patient when "dropped in" to clinic · people aged 60 years and older living in the community Interventions to increase influenza vaccination rates of those 60 years and older in the community (2018) · Cochrane	OR 2.72 [1.55, 4.76]	1 study · 243 participants	Moderate
Increasing community demand vs no intervention or another intervention Brochure + lottery for free groceries compared to no intervention · people aged 60 years and older living in the community Interventions to increase influenza vaccination rates of those 60 years and older in the community (2018) · Cochrane	OR 1.04 [0.62, 1.76]	1 study · 291 participants	High
Increasing community demand vs no intervention or another intervention Questionnaires to clients about attitudes · people aged 60 years and older living in the community Interventions to increase influenza vaccination rates of those 60 years and older in the community (2018) · Cochrane	OR 1.13 [1.03, 1.24]	1 study · 13809 participants	High
Increasing community demand vs no intervention or another intervention Client‐based education (health risk appraisal) compared to no intervention · people aged 60 years and older living in the community Interventions to increase influenza vaccination rates of those 60 years and older in the community (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	4 studies · 6300 participants	High
Antibiotics vs placebo Cure in adults with clinically diagnosed acute rhinosinusitis · acute rhinosinusitis in adults, whether clinically diagnosed or confirmed by imaging Antibiotics for acute rhinosinusitis in adults (2018) · Cochrane	OR 1.25 [1.02, 1.54]	8 studies · 1687 participants	High
Antibiotics vs placebo Cure in adults with acute rhinosinusitis confirmed by radiography1 · acute rhinosinusitis in adults, whether clinically diagnosed or confirmed by imaging Antibiotics for acute rhinosinusitis in adults (2018) · Cochrane	OR 1.57 [1.03, 2.39]	3 studies · 394 participants	Moderate
Antibiotics vs placebo Cure in adults with acute rhinosinusitis confirmed by computed tomography1,4 · acute rhinosinusitis in adults, whether clinically diagnosed or confirmed by imaging Antibiotics for acute rhinosinusitis in adults (2018) · Cochrane	OR 4.89 [1.75, 13.72]	1 study · 127 participants	Moderate
Antibiotics vs placebo Severity or duration of different clinical symptoms: resolution of purulent secretion · acute rhinosinusitis in adults, whether clinically diagnosed or confirmed by imaging Antibiotics for acute rhinosinusitis in adults (2018) · Cochrane	OR 1.58 [1.13, 2.22]	3 studies · 660 participants	High
Antibiotics vs placebo Side effects: total · acute rhinosinusitis in adults, whether clinically diagnosed or confirmed by imaging Antibiotics for acute rhinosinusitis in adults (2018) · Cochrane	OR 2.21 [1.74, 2.82]	10 studies · 1816 participants	High
Antibiotics vs placebo Side effects: diarrhoea · acute rhinosinusitis in adults, whether clinically diagnosed or confirmed by imaging Antibiotics for acute rhinosinusitis in adults (2018) · Cochrane	Peto OR 2 [1.41, 2.85]	7 studies · 1210 participants	High
Antibiotics vs placebo Clinical failure · acute rhinosinusitis in adults, whether clinically diagnosed or confirmed by imaging Antibiotics for acute rhinosinusitis in adults (2018) · Cochrane	Peto OR 0.48 [0.36, 0.63]	12 studies · 2603 participants	High
Honey vs dextromethorphan Duration of cough · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Honey vs dextromethorphan Drowsiness · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	RR 2.92 [0.12, 69.2]	1 study · 69 participants	Low
Honey vs diphenhydramine Cough duration · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Honey vs diphenhydramine Frequency of cough1 · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 80 participants	Low
Honey vs diphenhydramine Severity of cough1 · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 80 participants	Low
Honey vs diphenhydramine Cough impact on children's sleep1 · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 80 participants	Low
Honey vs diphenhydramine Cough impact on parents' sleep1 · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 80 participants	Low
Honey vs diphenhydramine Adverse event: Somnolence · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	RR 0.14 [0.01, 2.68]	1 study · 80 participants	Low
Honey vs no treatment Cough duration · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Honey vs no treatment Frequency of cough1 · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 154 participants	Moderate
Honey vs no treatment Severity of cough1 · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 154 participants	Moderate
Honey vs dextromethorphan Frequency of cough1 · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 149 participants	Low
Honey vs no treatment Bothersome cough1 · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 74 participants	Low
Honey vs no treatment Cough impact on children's sleep1 · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 154 participants	Moderate
Honey vs no treatment Cough impact on parents' sleep1 · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 154 participants	Moderate
Honey vs no treatment Adverse events · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Honey vs no treatment Nervousness, insomnia, hyperactivity · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	RR 9.4 [1.16, 76.2]	2 studies · 154 participants	Low
Honey vs no treatment Stomachache, nausea, and vomiting · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	RR 5.9 [0.27, 127.14]	1 study · 74 participants	Low
Honey vs no treatment Drowsiness · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	RR 3.43 [0.14, 87.09]	1 study · 74 participants	Low
Honey vs placebo Day 1 · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 participants	Ungraded
Honey vs placebo Frequency of cough1 · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 402 participants	Moderate
Honey vs placebo Severity of cough1 · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 402 participants	Moderate
Honey vs dextromethorphan Severity of cough1 · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 149 participants	Low
Honey vs placebo Bothersome cough (mean improvement score) · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 402 participants	Moderate
Honey vs placebo Cough impact on children's sleep1 · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 402 participants	Moderate
Honey vs placebo Cough impact on parents' sleep1 · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 402 participants	Moderate
Honey vs placebo Day 3 · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	3 participants	Ungraded
Honey vs placebo Bothersome cough1 · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 102 participants	Moderate
Honey vs placebo Cough impact on parents' sleep3 · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 102 participants	Moderate
Honey vs placebo Day 5 · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	5 participants	Ungraded
Honey vs placebo Cough duration · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 102 participants	Moderate
Honey vs placebo Cough impact on parents' sleep · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 102 participants	Moderate
Honey vs placebo Adverse events · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Honey vs dextromethorphan Bothersome cough1 · acute cough in children Honey for acute cough in children (2018) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 69 participants	Moderate