All‐cause mortality · (mainly older) adults with most types of displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (10 trials)
Surgical showed no clear difference in mortality compared with non‐surgical treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Reoperation · (mainly older) adults with most types of displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (10 trials)
Surgical may leads to higher additional surgery (reoperation or secondary surgery) compared with non‐surgical treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events / complications ‐ Number of participants with complications · (mainly older) adults with most types of displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (10 trials)
Surgical showed no clear difference in adverse events / complications ‐ Number of participants with… compared with non‐surgical treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Self‐reported shoulder function · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)
Locking plate showed no clear difference in self‐reported shoulder function: functional scoresb(higher = better… compared with locking intramedullary nail (low certainty).
3 findings from 1 review
SMD 0.15
4 studies · 227 participants
Low
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 174 participants
Low
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 101 participants
Low
Quality of life: SF‐36 (0 to 100: best outcome) · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)
1 finding from 1 review
Self‐reported shoulder function · adults with minimally displaced or displaced (2‐part or 3‐part) proximal humeral fractures treated non‐surgically (5 trials)
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events: number of participants with complications · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)
It is very uncertain whether locking plate changes adverse events: number of participants with complications compared with locking intramedullary nail (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Reoperation · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)
It is very uncertain whether locking plate changes additional surgery (reoperation or secondary surgery) compared with locking intramedullary nail (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Self‐reported shoulder function · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)
3 findings from 1 review
Quality of life: EQ‐5D (0: dead to 1: best quality of life) · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events: number of participants with complications · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)
It is very uncertain whether reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) changes adverse events: number of participants with complications compared with hemiarthroplasty (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Reoperation · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life: EQ‐5D (0: dead to 1: best quality of life) · adults with minimally displaced or displaced (2‐part or 3‐part) proximal humeral fractures treated non‐surgically (5 trials)
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · adults with minimally displaced or displaced (2‐part or 3‐part) proximal humeral fractures treated non‐surgically (5 trials)
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events: Shoulder complications · adults with minimally displaced or displaced (2‐part or 3‐part) proximal humeral fractures treated non‐surgically (5 trials)
1 finding from 1 review
Additional surgery or substantive treatment · adults with minimally displaced or displaced (2‐part or 3‐part) proximal humeral fractures treated non‐surgically (5 trials)
1 finding from 1 review
Complete remission · minimal change disease in adults with nephrotic syndrome
It is very uncertain whether steroids changes complete remission Time frame: to 77 months compared with no specific treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events: thromboses · minimal change disease in adults with nephrotic syndrome
It is very uncertain whether intravenous ± oral steroids changes adverse events: thromboses compared with oral steroids alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review