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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

328 questions · 332 findings · 35 reviews

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No studies found 83 · 25%GRADE not reported 11 · 3.3%Very low 75 · 22.6%Low 105 · 31.6%Moderate 45 · 13.6%High 13 · 3.9%

Exercise vs NSAIDs

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · young women with suspected primary dysmenorrhoea
1 finding from 1 review

Exercise vs NSAIDs

Adverse events ‐ not reported · young women with suspected primary dysmenorrhoea

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Tramadol vs NSAIDs

Outcomesa · patients with osteoarthritis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Tramadol vs NSAIDs

Number of participants reporting an adverse event · patients with osteoarthritis

Tramadol alone probably leads to higher number of participants experiencing any adverse event compared with NSAIDs (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tramadol vs NSAIDs

Withdrawals due to adverse events · patients with osteoarthritis

Tramadol alone may leads to higher number of participants who withdrew due to adverse events compared with NSAIDs (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tramadol vs NSAIDs

Number of participants experiencing any serious adverse events · patients with osteoarthritis

It is very uncertain whether tramadol alone changes number of participants experiencing any serious adverse events compared with NSAIDs (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tramadol in combination with acetaminophen vs NSAIDs

Number of participants reporting an adverse event · patients with osteoarthritis

Tramadol in combination with acetaminophen showed no clear difference in number of participants experiencing any adverse event compared with NSAIDs (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs NSAIDs

Outcomesa · patients with hip osteoarthritis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs NSAIDs

Pain (short term) WOMAC scale from 0 to 20 points (higher is worse pain). · patients with hip osteoarthritis
1 finding from 1 review