Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,710 questions · 14,842 findings · 1,394 reviews

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No studies found 2,880 · 19.4%GRADE not reported 1,413 · 9.5%Very low 3,103 · 20.9%Low 3,870 · 26.1%Moderate 2,663 · 17.9%High 913 · 6.2%

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Add‐on felbamate vs placebo

Quality of life · people with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy

1 finding from 1 review

Felbamate add‐on therapy for drug‐resistant focal epilepsy 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 64 participants
Very low

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

All‐cause mortality · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation leads to lower all‐cause mortality compared with placebo or usual care (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.88 [0.83, 0.93]
19 studies · 1202382 participants
High

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

Vomiting · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation probably leads to higher vomiting compared with placebo or usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.97 [1.44, 2.69]
4 studies · 10541 participants
Moderate

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

Vitamin A deficiency · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation probably leads to lower vitamin A deficiency compared with placebo or usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.71 [0.65, 0.78]
4 studies · 2262 participants
Moderate

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

Mortality due to diarrhoea · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation leads to lower mortality due to diarrhoea compared with placebo or usual care (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.88 [0.79, 0.98]
9 studies · 1098538 participants
High

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

Mortality due to measles · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation showed no clear difference in mortality due to measles compared with placebo or usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.88 [0.69, 1.11]
6 studies · 1088261 participants
Low

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

Mortality due to LRTI · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation showed no clear difference in mortality due to LRTI compared with placebo or usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.98 [0.86, 1.12]
9 studies · 1098538 participants
Low

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

Diarrhoea incidence Mean episodes per child per year · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation may leads to lower diarrhoea incidence Mean episodes per child per year compared with placebo or usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.85 [0.82, 0.87]
15 studies · 77946 participants
Low

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

Measles incidence Mean episodes of measles per child per year · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation probably leads to lower measles incidence Mean episodes of measles per child per year compared with placebo or usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.5 [0.37, 0.67]
6 studies · 19566 participants
Moderate

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

Incidence of LRTI · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation showed no clear difference in LRTI incidence Mean episodes per child per year compared with placebo or usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.99 [0.92, 1.06]
11 studies · 27540 participants
Low

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

Bitot's spots incidence · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation probably leads to lower bitot's spots incidence compared with placebo or usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.42 [0.33, 0.53]
5 studies · 1063278 participants
Moderate

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

Night blindness incidence · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation probably leads to lower night blindness incidence compared with placebo or usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.32 [0.21, 0.5]
2 studies · 22972 participants
Moderate

Antidepressants vs placebo

Gambling symptom severity · treatment of disordered and problem gambling

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 225 participants
Very low

Opioid antagonists vs placebo

Gambling expenditure ‐ not measured · treatment of disordered and problem gambling

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Opioid antagonists vs placebo

Gambling frequency ‐ not measured · treatment of disordered and problem gambling

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Opioid antagonists vs placebo

Time spent gambling ‐ not measured · treatment of disordered and problem gambling

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Opioid antagonists vs placebo

Depressive symptoms · treatment of disordered and problem gambling

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 77 participants
Low

Opioid antagonists vs placebo

Anxiety · treatment of disordered and problem gambling

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 77 participants
Low

Opioid antagonists vs placebo

Functional impairment · treatment of disordered and problem gambling

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 77 participants
Low

Opioid antagonists vs placebo

Responder status · treatment of disordered and problem gambling

It is very uncertain whether opioid antagonists changes responder status compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.65 [0.86, 3.14]
4 studies · 562 participants
Very low