Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,377 questions · 1,433 findings · 149 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 326 · 22.7%GRADE not reported 87 · 6.1%Very low 440 · 30.7%Low 364 · 25.4%Moderate 190 · 13.3%High 26 · 1.8%

Mixed training vs control

Mobility · people with stroke

Mixed training showed no clear difference in mobility compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Physical fitness training for stroke patients 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 4.71
10 studies · 738 participants
Moderate

Mixed training vs control

Physical function · people with stroke

Mixed training showed no clear difference in physical function compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Physical fitness training for stroke patients 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 2.12
9 studies · 419 participants
Low

Summary of findings. Peer reviewer training vs standard journal practice or no training

Completeness of reporting Proportion of items adequately reported, from 0.00 to 1.00, higher number indicates more complete reporting. · peer reviewers

1 finding from 1 review

Reviewer training for improving grant and journal peer review 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Moderate

Summary of findings. Peer reviewer training vs standard journal practice or no training

Peer reviewer detection of errors Number of major errors identified, assessed by 2 researchers independently, from 0 to 9, higher number indicates better detection. · peer reviewers

1 finding from 1 review

Reviewer training for improving grant and journal peer review 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Summary of findings. Peer reviewer training vs standard journal practice or no training

Stakeholders' assessment of review quality (final score) Assessed by 2 editors independently using the RQI from 1 to 5 (average of the 2 ratings), higher scores indicate higher quality. · peer reviewers

1 finding from 1 review

Reviewer training for improving grant and journal peer review 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Summary of findings. Peer reviewer training vs standard journal practice or no training

Stakeholders' assessment of review quality (change score) Assessed using either:A) a 5‐point scale, change scores range from −4 to 4 (3 studies);B) a 5‐point scale, expressed by "slope of quality score change"(1 study); orC) the MQAI, from −144 to... · peer reviewers

1 finding from 1 review

Reviewer training for improving grant and journal peer review 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Summary of findings. Peer reviewer training vs standard journal practice or no training

Inter‐reviewer agreement (final score) Assessed using the average deviation between reviewers, from −4 to 0, higher scores indicate higher agreement. · peer reviewers

1 finding from 1 review

Reviewer training for improving grant and journal peer review 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Summary of findings. Peer reviewer training vs standard journal practice or no training

Inter‐reviewer agreement (change score) Assessed using the average score difference between reviewers, possible changes scores range from −9 to 9, higher scores indicate increased agreement. · peer reviewers

1 finding from 1 review

Reviewer training for improving grant and journal peer review 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Summary of findings. Peer reviewer training vs standard journal practice or no training

Bibliometric scores · peer reviewers

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Reviewer training for improving grant and journal peer review 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Bladder training vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT)

Participant‐reported cure or improvement: immediately after treatment · overactive bladder

1 finding from 1 review

Bladder training for treating overactive bladder in adults 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Summary of findings table ‐ Bladder training vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT)

Symptom‐related quality of life: immediately after treatment · overactive bladder

1 finding from 1 review

Bladder training for treating overactive bladder in adults 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 178 participants
Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Bladder training vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT)

Number of any adverse events: immediately after treatment · overactive bladder

1 finding from 1 review

Bladder training for treating overactive bladder in adults 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 97 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Bladder training vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT)

Participant‐reported satisfaction: immediately after treatment · overactive bladder

1 finding from 1 review

Bladder training for treating overactive bladder in adults 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Summary of findings table ‐ Bladder training vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT)

Episodes of urinary incontinence in a 24‐hour period · overactive bladder

1 finding from 1 review

Bladder training for treating overactive bladder in adults 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 81 participants
Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Bladder training vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT)

Number of urgency episodes per 24 hours: immediately after treatment · overactive bladder

1 finding from 1 review

Bladder training for treating overactive bladder in adults 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Summary of findings table ‐ Bladder training vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT)

Number of micturition episodes per 24 hours: immediately after treatment · overactive bladder

1 finding from 1 review

Bladder training for treating overactive bladder in adults 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 81 participants
Very low

Virtual reality endoscopy simulation training vs no training

Composite score of competency · health professions trainees in gastrointestinal endoscopy

1 finding from 1 review

Virtual reality simulation training for health professions trainees in gastrointestinal endoscopy 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Virtual reality endoscopy simulation training vs conventional training

Performance time (minutes) · health professions trainees in gastrointestinal endoscopy

1 finding from 1 review

Virtual reality simulation training for health professions trainees in gastrointestinal endoscopy 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Virtual reality endoscopy simulation training vs conventional training

Complication or critical flaw occurrence · health professions trainees in gastrointestinal endoscopy

1 finding from 1 review

Virtual reality simulation training for health professions trainees in gastrointestinal endoscopy 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Virtual reality endoscopy simulation training vs conventional training

Patient discomfort · health professions trainees in gastrointestinal endoscopy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Virtual reality simulation training for health professions trainees in gastrointestinal endoscopy 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found