What do systematic reviews say?

Arthroscopy vs open surgery

Arthroscopy showed no clear difference in interincisal opening over 35 mm (clinical evaluation, 12 months) compared with open surgery; GRADE not reported.

• Arthroscopy for temporomandibular disorders 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes

  12 months
  Peto OR 1.31 [0.31, 5.60]
  2 studies · 40 participants
  GRADE not reported

Thymopentin vs placebo

• Interventions for prevention of herpes simplex labialis (cold sores on the lips) 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 36 participants
  Moderate

Thymopentin vs placebo

Thymopentin showed no clear difference in adverse effects during use of the preventative intervention compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Interventions for prevention of herpes simplex labialis (cold sores on the lips) 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2 [0.42, 9.58]
  1 study · 36 participants
  Moderate

Open surgery vs steroid injection

It is very uncertain whether open surgery changes resolution of symptoms (after one or more injections) compared with steroid injection (very low certainty).

• Surgery for trigger finger 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.48 [0.79, 2.76]
  2 studies · 270 participants
  Very low

Open surgery vs steroid injection plus hyaluronic acid injection guided by ultrasound

It is very uncertain whether open surgery changes resolution of symptoms compared with steroid injection plus hyaluronic acid injection guided by ultrasound (very low certainty).

• Surgery for trigger finger 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.35 [0.98, 1.85]
  1 study · 30 participants
  Very low

Open surgery vs steroid injection plus hyaluronic acid injection guided by ultrasound

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Surgery for trigger finger 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Open surgery vs steroid injection plus hyaluronic acid injection guided by ultrasound

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Surgery for trigger finger 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Open surgery vs steroid injection plus hyaluronic acid injection guided by ultrasound

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Surgery for trigger finger 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Open surgery vs steroid injection plus hyaluronic acid injection guided by ultrasound

It is very uncertain whether open surgery changes recurrence compared with steroid injection plus hyaluronic acid injection guided by ultrasound (very low certainty).

• Surgery for trigger finger 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.14 [0.01, 2.55]
  1 study · 30 participants
  Very low

Open surgery vs steroid injection

Open surgery may leads to higher pain Proportion with pain on the palm of the hand compared with steroid injection (low certainty).

• Surgery for trigger finger 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 3.69 [1.99, 6.85]
  1 study · 105 participants
  Low

Open surgery vs steroid injection plus hyaluronic acid injection guided by ultrasound

It is very uncertain whether open surgery changes adverse events (partial loss of movement, algodystrophic syndrome) compared with steroid injection plus hyaluronic acid injection guided by ultrasound (very low certainty).

• Surgery for trigger finger 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 3 [0.35, 25.68]
  1 study · 30 participants
  Very low

Open surgery vs steroid injection plus hyaluronic acid injection guided by ultrasound

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Surgery for trigger finger 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Open surgery vs steroid injection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Surgery for trigger finger 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Open surgery vs steroid injection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Surgery for trigger finger 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Open surgery vs steroid injection

Open surgery may leads to lower recurrence compared with steroid injection (low certainty).

• Surgery for trigger finger 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.17 [0.09, 0.33]
  2 studies · 270 participants
  Low

Open surgery vs steroid injection

Open surgery showed no clear difference in adverse events (infection, tendon or pulley injury, flare, cutaneous… compared with steroid injection (low certainty).

• Surgery for trigger finger 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.02 [0.57, 1.84]
  2 studies · 270 participants
  Low

Open surgery vs steroid injection

Open surgery showed no clear difference in neurovascular injury compared with steroid injection (low certainty).

• Surgery for trigger finger 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.17 [0.7, 6.77]
  2 studies · 270 participants
  Low

Open surgery vs ERCP

• Surgical versus endoscopic treatment of bile duct stones 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 733 participants
  Moderate

Open surgery vs ERCP

Open surgery showed no clear difference in total morbidity compared with ERCP (moderate certainty).

• Surgical versus endoscopic treatment of bile duct stones 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.12 [0.77, 1.62]
  8 studies · 729 participants
  Moderate

Open surgery vs ERCP

Open surgery probably leads to lower failure of procedure compared with ERCP (moderate certainty).

• Surgical versus endoscopic treatment of bile duct stones 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.32 [0.21, 0.48]
  7 studies · 943 participants
  Moderate