Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

283 questions · 285 findings · 33 reviews · Epilepsy

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No studies found 31 · 10.9%GRADE not reported 13 · 4.6%Very low 33 · 11.6%Low 80 · 28.1%Moderate 96 · 33.7%High 32 · 11.2%

Sulthiame add‐on vs placebo

Seizure frequency · patients between 3 to 15 months of age with West syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Sulthiame add‐on therapy for epilepsy 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Sulthiame add‐on vs placebo

Time to treatment withdrawal · patients between 3 to 15 months of age with West syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Sulthiame add‐on therapy for epilepsy 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Sulthiame add‐on vs placebo

Number experiencing adverse effects · patients between 3 to 15 months of age with West syndrome

It is very uncertain whether sulthiame add‐on changes adverse effects: total number of participants experiencing one or… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sulthiame add‐on therapy for epilepsy 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.85 [0.44, 1.64]
1 study · 37 participants
Very low

Sulthiame add‐on vs placebo

Somnolence · patients between 3 to 15 months of age with West syndrome

It is very uncertain whether sulthiame add‐on changes adverse effects: somnolence compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sulthiame add‐on therapy for epilepsy 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3.4 [0.42, 27.59]
1 study · 37 participants
Very low

Sulthiame add‐on vs placebo

Quality of life · patients between 3 to 15 months of age with West syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Sulthiame add‐on therapy for epilepsy 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Topiramate vs carbamazepine

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) All participants ‐ adjusted by seizure type Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Topiramate showed no clear difference in time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) All… compared with carbamazepine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topiramate versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.16 [0.97, 1.38]
2 studies · 1129 participants
Moderate

Topiramate vs carbamazepine

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Topiramate probably leads to higher time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment)Subgroup:… compared with carbamazepine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topiramate versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.21 [1.01, 1.46]
2 studies · 937 participants
Moderate

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) Subgroup: generalised onset tonic‐clonic seizures or unclassified epilepsy Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Topiramate showed no clear difference in time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment)… compared with carbamazepine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topiramate versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.88 [0.56, 1.39]
2 studies · 192 participants
Low

Topiramate vs carbamazepine

Time to first seizure (post‐randomisation) All participants Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Topiramate showed no clear difference in time to first seizure after randomisation All participants Range of compared with carbamazepine (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topiramate versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.11 [0.96, 1.29]
2 studies · 1115 participants
High

Topiramate vs carbamazepine

Time to first seizure (post‐randomisation) Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Topiramate showed no clear difference in time to first seizure after randomisation Subgroup: focal onset… compared with carbamazepine (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topiramate versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.12 [0.95, 1.31]
2 studies · 925 participants
High

Topiramate vs carbamazepine

Time to first seizure after randomisation Subgroup: generalised onset tonic‐clonic seizures or unclassified epilepsy Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Topiramate showed no clear difference in time to first seizure after randomisation Subgroup: generalised… compared with carbamazepine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topiramate versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.08 [0.7, 1.66]
2 studies · 190 participants
Moderate

Topiramate vs carbamazepine

Time to 12‐month remission ‐ all participants Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Topiramate leads to lower time to 12‐month remission of seizures All participants Range of compared with carbamazepine (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topiramate versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.84 [0.71, 0.99]
2 studies · 1115 participants
High

Topiramate vs carbamazepine

Time to achieve 12‐month remission (seizure‐free period) Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Topiramate leads to lower time to 12‐month remission of seizures Subgroup: focal onset… compared with carbamazepine (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topiramate versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.82 [0.69, 0.99]
2 studies · 925 participants
High

Topiramate vs carbamazepine

Time to 12‐month remission of seizures Subgroup: generalised onset tonic‐clonic seizures or unclassified epilepsy Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Topiramate showed no clear difference in time to 12‐month remission of seizures Subgroup: generalised onset… compared with carbamazepine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topiramate versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.92 [0.61, 1.41]
2 studies · 190 participants
Moderate

Lamotrigine vs carbamazepine

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) All participants Range of · adults and children with focal onset or generalised onset seizures (generalised tonic‐clonic with or without other generalised seizure…

Summary of findings: lamotrigine probably leads to lower time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) All… compared with carbamazepine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lamotrigine versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.71 [0.62, 0.82]
9 studies · 2481 participants
Moderate

Lamotrigine vs carbamazepine

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of · adults and children with focal onset or generalised onset seizures (generalised tonic‐clonic with or without other generalised seizure…

Summary of findings: lamotrigine probably leads to lower time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment)… compared with carbamazepine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lamotrigine versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.74 [0.64, 0.86]
9 studies · 2182 participants
Moderate

Lamotrigine vs carbamazepine

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) Subgroup: generalised onset seizures Range of · adults and children with focal onset or generalised onset seizures (generalised tonic‐clonic with or without other generalised seizure…

Summary of findings: lamotrigine may leads to lower time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment)… compared with carbamazepine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lamotrigine versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.51 [0.33, 0.78]
6 studies · 299 participants
Low

Lamotrigine vs carbamazepine

Time to first seizure ‐ all participants Range of · adults and children with focal onset or generalised onset seizures (generalised tonic‐clonic with or without other generalised seizure…

Summary of findings: lamotrigine leads to higher time to first seizure All participants Range of compared with carbamazepine (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lamotrigine versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.26 [1.12, 1.41]
9 studies · 2476 participants
High

Lamotrigine vs carbamazepine

Time to first seizure (post‐randomisation) Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of · adults and children with focal onset or generalised onset seizures (generalised tonic‐clonic with or without other generalised seizure…

Summary of findings: lamotrigine leads to higher time to first seizure Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of compared with carbamazepine (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lamotrigine versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.29 [1.14, 1.45]
9 studies · 2177 participants
High

Lamotrigine vs carbamazepine

Time to first seizure ‐ generalised epilepsy Range of · adults and children with focal onset or generalised onset seizures (generalised tonic‐clonic with or without other generalised seizure…

Summary of findings: lamotrigine showed no clear difference in time to first seizure Subgroup: generalised onset seizures Range of compared with carbamazepine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lamotrigine versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.98 [0.65, 1.48]
6 studies · 277 participants
Low