Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

217 questions · 227 findings · 49 reviews · Schizophrenia

No studies found 5 · 2.2%GRADE not reported 12 · 5.3%Very low 105 · 46.3%Low 46 · 20.3%Moderate 57 · 25.1%High 2 · 0.9%

LOW DOSE (greater than or equal to 2‐<4 mg/day) vs ANY DOSE ‐ short term

Adverse effects: 5a. Movement disorders ‐ specific symptoms ‐ EPS: unspecified ‐ versus standard‐higher dose (greater than or equal to 6‐<10 mg/day) · patients with schizophrenia

LOW DOSE (greater than or equal to 2‐<4 mg/day) showed no clear difference in adverse effects: 5a. Movement disorders ‐ specific symptoms ‐ EPS:… compared with ANY DOSE ‐ short term (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

LOW DOSE (greater than or equal to 2‐<4 mg/day) vs ANY DOSE ‐ short term

Adverse effects: 5a. Movement disorders ‐ specific symptoms ‐ EPS: unspecified ‐ versus high dose ( greater than or equal to 10 mg) · patients with schizophrenia

LOW DOSE (greater than or equal to 2‐<4 mg/day) probably leads to lower adverse effects: 5a. Movement disorders ‐ specific symptoms ‐ EPS:… compared with ANY DOSE ‐ short term (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

STANDARD‐LOWER DOSE (greater than or equal to 4‐<6 mg/day) vs ANY DOSE ‐ short term

Leaving the study early: Any reasons ‐ when compared with standard‐higher dose (greater than or equal to 6‐<10 mg/day) · patients with schizophrenia

STANDARD‐LOWER DOSE (greater than or equal to 4‐<6 mg/day) showed no clear difference in leaving the study early: Any reasons ‐ when compared with… compared with ANY DOSE ‐ short term (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

STANDARD‐LOWER DOSE (greater than or equal to 4‐<6 mg/day) vs ANY DOSE ‐ short term

Leaving the study early: any reason ‐ when compared with high dose ( greater than or equal to 10 mg) · patients with schizophrenia

STANDARD‐LOWER DOSE (greater than or equal to 4‐<6 mg/day) showed no clear difference in leaving the study early: Any reasons ‐ When compared with high dose… compared with ANY DOSE ‐ short term (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

STANDARD‐LOWER DOSE (greater than or equal to 4‐<6 mg/day) vs ANY DOSE ‐ short term

Global state: No clinically important improvement ‐ global evaluation ‐ when compared with standard‐higher dose (greater than or equal to 6‐<10 mg/day) · patients with schizophrenia

STANDARD‐LOWER DOSE (greater than or equal to 4‐<6 mg/day) showed no clear difference in global state: No clinically important improvement ‐ global… compared with ANY DOSE ‐ short term (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

ULTRA LOW DOSE (<2 mg/day) vs ANY DOSE ‐ short term

Leaving the study early · patients with schizophrenia

ULTRA LOW DOSE (<2 mg/day) showed no clear difference in leaving the study early: Any reason ‐ when compared with… compared with ANY DOSE ‐ short term (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

STANDARD‐LOWER DOSE (greater than or equal to 4‐<6 mg/day) vs ANY DOSE ‐ short term

Mental state: No clinically important improvement · patients with schizophrenia

STANDARD‐LOWER DOSE (greater than or equal to 4‐<6 mg/day) showed no clear difference in mental state: No clinically important improvement ‐ PANSS ‐ when… compared with ANY DOSE ‐ short term (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

ULTRA LOW DOSE (<2 mg/day) vs ANY DOSE ‐ short term

Leaving the study early: any reason ‐ when compared with high dose ( greater than or equal to 10 mg) · patients with schizophrenia

ULTRA LOW DOSE (<2 mg/day) showed no clear difference in leaving the study early: Any reason ‐ when compared with high dose… compared with ANY DOSE ‐ short term (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

ULTRA LOW DOSE (<2 mg/day) vs ANY DOSE ‐ short term

Mental state: No clinically important improvement · patients with schizophrenia

ULTRA LOW DOSE (<2 mg/day) probably leads to higher mental state: 1. No clinically important improvement ‐ as measured… compared with ANY DOSE ‐ short term (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

CHLORPROMAZINE LOW DOSE (≤ 400 mg/day) vs HIGH DOSE (> 800 mg/day ‐ all medium term)

Behaviour: deterioration of behaviour (categorised as reason to leave early) · schizophrenia

CHLORPROMAZINE LOW DOSE (≤ 400 mg/day) may leads to higher behaviour: deterioration of behaviour (categorised as reason to… compared with HIGH DOSE (> 800 mg/day ‐ all medium term) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CHLORPROMAZINE LOW DOSE (≤ 400 mg/day) vs HIGH DOSE (> 800 mg/day ‐ all medium term)

Adverse effects: unspecified extrapyramidal symptoms · schizophrenia

CHLORPROMAZINE LOW DOSE (≤ 400 mg/day) probably leads to lower adverse effects: unspecified extrapyramidal symptoms compared with HIGH DOSE (> 800 mg/day ‐ all medium term) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CHLORPROMAZINE LOW DOSE (≤ 400 mg/day) vs HIGH DOSE (> 800 mg/day ‐ all medium term)

Global state: No clinically significant response (as defined by the original studies) · schizophrenia

CHLORPROMAZINE LOW DOSE (≤ 400 mg/day) probably leads to higher global state: no clinically important improvement ‐ medium term compared with HIGH DOSE (> 800 mg/day ‐ all medium term) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review