Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,209 questions · 2,322 findings · 227 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 644 · 27.7%GRADE not reported 135 · 5.8%Very low 591 · 25.5%Low 582 · 25.1%Moderate 309 · 13.3%High 61 · 2.6%

PFMT added to magnetic stimulation vs magnetic stimulation alone

Number of women requiring further treatment such as surgery, drugs, mechanical devices (relapse) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

PFMT added to continence pessary vs continence pessary alone

Number of women whose incontinence was improved or cured ‐ · women with urinary incontinence

PFMT added to continence pessary showed no clear difference in number of women cured or improved (subjective) at 12 months compared with continence pessary alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

PFMT added to continence pessary vs continence pessary alone

Disease‐specific quality of life · women with urinary incontinence

PFMT added to continence pessary showed no clear difference in condition‐specific quality of life at 12 months Urogenital Distress… compared with continence pessary alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

PFMT added to drug therapy vs drug therapy alone

Number of women cured · women with urinary incontinence

It is very uncertain whether PFMT added to drug therapy changes number of women cured ‐ PFMT + clenbuterol versus clenbuterol compared with drug therapy alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

PFMT added to drug therapy vs drug therapy alone

Number of women reporting adverse events ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence

It is very uncertain whether PFMT added to drug therapy changes number of women reporting adverse events compared with drug therapy alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review