Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

2,209 questions · 2,322 findings · 227 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 644 · 27.7%GRADE not reported 135 · 5.8%Very low 591 · 25.5%Low 582 · 25.1%Moderate 309 · 13.3%High 61 · 2.6%

PFMT added to bladder training vs bladder training alone

Number of women cured · women with urinary incontinence

It is very uncertain whether PFMT added to bladder training changes number of women cured ‐ 3 months after treatment compared with bladder training alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.71 [0.84, 3.46]
1 study · 122 participants
Very low

PFMT added to bladder training vs bladder training alone

Number of women reporting incontinence at 1 year or more after treatment (subjective) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

PFMT added to bladder training vs bladder training alone

Objective measure of urine leakage (e.g. pad test) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

PFMT added to bladder training vs bladder training alone

Number of women experiencing pain ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

PFMT added to bladder training vs bladder training alone

Disease‐specific quality of life · women with urinary incontinence

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 118 participants
Very low

PFMT added to vaginal cones vs vaginal cones alone

Number of women reporting incontinence at 1 year or more after treatment (subjective) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

PFMT added to bladder training vs bladder training alone

General health status evaluation e.g. Short Form (SF)‐36 ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

PFMT added to bladder training vs bladder training alone

Number of women requiring further treatment such as surgery, drugs, mechanical devices (relapse) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence

It is very uncertain whether PFMT added to bladder training changes number of women requiring further treatment such as surgery, drugs,… compared with bladder training alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.95 [0.57, 1.57]
1 study · 96 participants
Very low

PFMT added to electrical stimulation vs electrical stimulation alone (excluding implanted electrodes)

Number of women cured · women with urinary incontinence

It is very uncertain whether PFMT added to electrical stimulation changes number of women cured compared with electrical stimulation alone (excluding implanted electrodes) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.06 [0.79, 5.38]
2 studies · 56 participants
Very low

PFMT added to electrical stimulation vs electrical stimulation alone (excluding implanted electrodes)

Number of women reporting incontinence at 1 year or more after treatment (subjective) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

PFMT added to electrical stimulation vs electrical stimulation alone (excluding implanted electrodes)

Objective measure of urine leakage (e.g. pad test) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

PFMT added to electrical stimulation vs electrical stimulation alone (excluding implanted electrodes)

Number of women experiencing pain ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

PFMT added to electrical stimulation vs electrical stimulation alone (excluding implanted electrodes)

Disease‐specific quality of life · women with urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

PFMT added to electrical stimulation vs electrical stimulation alone (excluding implanted electrodes)

General health status evaluation e.g. Short Form (SF)‐36 ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

PFMT added to electrical stimulation vs electrical stimulation alone (excluding implanted electrodes)

Number of women requiring further treatment such as surgery, drugs, mechanical devices (relapse) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

PFMT added to magnetic stimulation vs magnetic stimulation alone

Participants cured or improved · women with urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

PFMT added to vaginal cones vs vaginal cones alone

Objective measure of urine leakage (pad test) · women with urinary incontinence

It is very uncertain whether PFMT added to vaginal cones changes objective measure of urine leakage (pad test) compared with vaginal cones alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.27 [0.94, 1.71]
1 study · 34 participants
Very low

PFMT added to magnetic stimulation vs magnetic stimulation alone

Number of women reporting incontinence at 1 year or more after treatment (subjective) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

PFMT added to magnetic stimulation vs magnetic stimulation alone

Objective measure of urine leakage (e.g. pad test) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

PFMT added to magnetic stimulation vs magnetic stimulation alone

Number of women reporting adverse events ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found