Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,756 questions · 13,493 findings · 1,305 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 2,594 · 19.2%GRADE not reported 728 · 5.4%Very low 2,868 · 21.3%Low 3,777 · 28%Moderate 2,620 · 19.4%High 906 · 6.7%

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Appetite stimulants vs placebo

Change in weight z score · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

2 findings from 1 review

Appetite stimulants for people with cystic fibrosis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 40 participants
Low
Appetite stimulants for people with cystic fibrosis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 17 participants
Low

Appetite stimulants vs placebo

FEV1 % predicted: absolute change from baseline · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

2 findings from 1 review

Appetite stimulants for people with cystic fibrosis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 42 participants
Low
Appetite stimulants for people with cystic fibrosis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 17 participants
Low

Appetite stimulants vs placebo

Increase in appetite (subjective reporting) · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

Appetite stimulants may leads to higher increase in appetite (subjective reporting) compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Appetite stimulants for people with cystic fibrosis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 45.25 [3.57, 573.33]
2 studies · 23 participants
Low

Add‐on felbamate vs placebo

50% or greater reduction in seizure frequency · people with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy

1 finding from 1 review

Felbamate add‐on therapy for drug‐resistant focal epilepsy 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 83 participants
Very low

Add‐on felbamate vs placebo

Seizure frequency reduction (3‐month blinded evaluation period) · people with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy

1 finding from 1 review

Felbamate add‐on therapy for drug‐resistant focal epilepsy 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 172 participants
Very low

Add‐on felbamate vs placebo

Treatment withdrawal · people with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy

1 finding from 1 review

Felbamate add‐on therapy for drug‐resistant focal epilepsy 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 236 participants
Very low

Add‐on felbamate vs placebo

Adverse effects · people with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy

1 finding from 1 review

Felbamate add‐on therapy for drug‐resistant focal epilepsy 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 236 participants
Very low

Add‐on felbamate vs placebo

Quality of life · people with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy

1 finding from 1 review

Felbamate add‐on therapy for drug‐resistant focal epilepsy 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 64 participants
Very low

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

All‐cause mortality · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation leads to lower all‐cause mortality compared with placebo or usual care (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.88 [0.83, 0.93]
19 studies · 1202382 participants
High

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

Vomiting · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation probably leads to higher vomiting compared with placebo or usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.97 [1.44, 2.69]
4 studies · 10541 participants
Moderate

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

Vitamin A deficiency · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation probably leads to lower vitamin A deficiency compared with placebo or usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.71 [0.65, 0.78]
4 studies · 2262 participants
Moderate

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

Mortality due to diarrhoea · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation leads to lower mortality due to diarrhoea compared with placebo or usual care (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.88 [0.79, 0.98]
9 studies · 1098538 participants
High

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

Mortality due to measles · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation showed no clear difference in mortality due to measles compared with placebo or usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.88 [0.69, 1.11]
6 studies · 1088261 participants
Low

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

Mortality due to LRTI · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation showed no clear difference in mortality due to LRTI compared with placebo or usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.98 [0.86, 1.12]
9 studies · 1098538 participants
Low

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

Diarrhoea incidence Mean episodes per child per year · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation may leads to lower diarrhoea incidence Mean episodes per child per year compared with placebo or usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.85 [0.82, 0.87]
15 studies · 77946 participants
Low

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

Measles incidence Mean episodes of measles per child per year · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation probably leads to lower measles incidence Mean episodes of measles per child per year compared with placebo or usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.5 [0.37, 0.67]
6 studies · 19566 participants
Moderate

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

Incidence of LRTI · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation showed no clear difference in LRTI incidence Mean episodes per child per year compared with placebo or usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.99 [0.92, 1.06]
11 studies · 27540 participants
Low

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

Bitot's spots incidence · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation probably leads to lower bitot's spots incidence compared with placebo or usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.42 [0.33, 0.53]
5 studies · 1063278 participants
Moderate

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

Night blindness incidence · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation probably leads to lower night blindness incidence compared with placebo or usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.32 [0.21, 0.5]
2 studies · 22972 participants
Moderate

Antidepressants vs placebo

Gambling symptom severity · treatment of disordered and problem gambling

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 225 participants
Very low