Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

2,262 questions · 2,405 findings · 248 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 507 · 21.1%GRADE not reported 93 · 3.9%Very low 657 · 27.3%Low 708 · 29.4%Moderate 387 · 16.1%High 53 · 2.2%

Psychological therapies vs usual care

Adverse events post‐intervention Number of people reporting an adverse event before completing the intervention · patients with fibromyalgia

Psychological therapies showed no clear difference in adverse events post‐intervention Number of people reporting an… compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mind and body therapy for fibromyalgia 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.38 [0.06, 2.5]
Studies not reported
Low

Biofeedback vs usual care

Functioning as assessed post‐intervention Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire. Scale from: 0 to 100 · patients with fibromyalgia

1 finding from 1 review

Mind and body therapy for fibromyalgia 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 106 participants
Very low

Biofeedback vs usual care

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · patients with fibromyalgia

1 finding from 1 review

Mind and body therapy for fibromyalgia 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 65 participants
Very low

Biofeedback vs usual care

Mood as assessed post‐intervention The Symptom Checklist‐90 Revised. Scale from: 0 to 90 · patients with fibromyalgia

1 finding from 1 review

Mind and body therapy for fibromyalgia 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 104 participants
Very low

Biofeedback vs usual care

All cause attrition post‐intervention Number of people withdrawing from the study before completing the intervention · patients with fibromyalgia

It is very uncertain whether biofeedback changes all cause attrition post‐intervention Number of people withdrawing… compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mind and body therapy for fibromyalgia 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 4.08 [1.43, 11.62]
3 studies · 125 participants
Very low

Rehabilitation interventions vs usual care

Dyspnoea ‐ CRQ dyspnoea Scale 1 to 7. Higher is better and 0.5 units is a clinically important difference · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
19 studies · 1283 participants
Moderate

Rehabilitation interventions vs usual care

Change in SGRQ total score · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
19 studies · 1146 participants
Moderate

Rehabilitation interventions vs usual care

Change in incremental shuttle walk distance · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 694 participants
Moderate

Rehabilitation interventions vs usual care

Change from baseline in 6MWT (metres) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
38 studies · 1879 participants
Very low

Rehabilitation interventions vs usual care

Exercise capacity · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
16 studies · 779 participants
Low

Intensive advocacy interventions for women who experience intimate partner abuse vs (Optimised) usual care

Physical abuse Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS; 80 items rated on a 7‐point scale) · women with intimate partner abuse

1 finding from 1 review

Advocacy interventions to reduce or eliminate violence and promote the physical and psychosocial well‐being of women… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 265 participants
Low

Brief advocacy interventions for women who experience intimate partner abuse vs (Optimised) usual care

Sexual abuse CTS sexual abuse single‐item mean change from baseline · women with intimate partner abuse

1 finding from 1 review

Advocacy interventions to reduce or eliminate violence and promote the physical and psychosocial well‐being of women… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 110 participants
Moderate

Brief advocacy interventions for women who experience intimate partner abuse vs (Optimised) usual care

Emotional abuse (dichotomous outcome) · women with intimate partner abuse

1 finding from 1 review

Advocacy interventions to reduce or eliminate violence and promote the physical and psychosocial well‐being of women… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 558 participants
Low

Brief advocacy interventions for women who experience intimate partner abuse vs (Optimised) usual care

Emotional abuse CTS mean change from baseline · women with intimate partner abuse

1 finding from 1 review

Advocacy interventions to reduce or eliminate violence and promote the physical and psychosocial well‐being of women… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 110 participants
Moderate

Brief advocacy interventions for women who experience intimate partner abuse vs (Optimised) usual care

Overall abuse Index of Spouse Abuse (ISA) score. Scale from 0 to 30 · women with intimate partner abuse

1 finding from 1 review

Advocacy interventions to reduce or eliminate violence and promote the physical and psychosocial well‐being of women… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 53 participants
Low

Intensive advocacy interventions for women who experience intimate partner abuse vs (Optimised) usual care

Physical abuse (dichotomous outcome) · women with intimate partner abuse

It is very uncertain whether intensive advocacy interventions for women who experience intimate… changes physical abuse (dichotomous outcome) compared with usual care at up to 12‐month follow‐up (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Advocacy interventions to reduce or eliminate violence and promote the physical and psychosocial well‐being of women… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.61 [0.33, 1.14]
2 studies · 182 participants
Very low

Intensive advocacy interventions for women who experience intimate partner abuse vs (Optimised) usual care

Emotional abuse (dichotomous outcome) · women with intimate partner abuse

Intensive advocacy interventions for women who experience intimate… showed no clear difference in emotional abuse (dichotomous outcome) compared with usual care at up to 12‐month follow‐up (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Advocacy interventions to reduce or eliminate violence and promote the physical and psychosocial well‐being of women… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.58 [0.3, 1.13]
1 study · 141 participants
Moderate

Intensive advocacy interventions for women who experience intimate partner abuse vs (Optimised) usual care

Emotional abuse Index of Psychological Abuse (IPA; 33 items rated on a 4‐point scale) · women with intimate partner abuse

1 finding from 1 review

Advocacy interventions to reduce or eliminate violence and promote the physical and psychosocial well‐being of women… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 265 participants
Very low

Intensive advocacy interventions for women who experience intimate partner abuse vs (Optimised) usual care

Overall abuse One study used a composite of two scales (12 items. Scale from 0 to 36) Other study used Composite Abuse Scale (CAS)i (30 items presented in a 6‐point format requiring respondents to answer 'never', 'only once', 'several times', 'mon... · women with intimate partner abuse

1 finding from 1 review

Advocacy interventions to reduce or eliminate violence and promote the physical and psychosocial well‐being of women… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 181 participants
Very low

Intensive advocacy interventions for women who experience intimate partner abuse vs (Optimised) usual care

Overall abuse (dichotomous outcome) · women with intimate partner abuse

It is very uncertain whether intensive advocacy interventions for women who experience intimate… changes overall abuse (dichotomous outcome) compared with usual care at up to 12‐month follow‐up (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Advocacy interventions to reduce or eliminate violence and promote the physical and psychosocial well‐being of women… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.72 [0.29, 1.79]
1 study · 103 participants
Very low