Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,756 questions · 13,493 findings · 1,305 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 2,594 · 19.2%GRADE not reported 728 · 5.4%Very low 2,868 · 21.3%Low 3,777 · 28%Moderate 2,620 · 19.4%High 906 · 6.7%

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Botulinum toxin vs placebo

Participant‐reported improvement in sialorrhea in the short term · sialorrhea (excessive saliva) in people with motor neuron disease/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Botulinum toxin injection showed no clear difference in participant‐reported improvement in sialorrhea in the short term… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antioxidants vs placebo or no treatment

Live birth rate per couple · patients with male subfertility

It is very uncertain whether antioxidants changes live birth rate per couple randomised compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antioxidants vs placebo or no treatment

Clinical pregnancy rate · patients with male subfertility

Antioxidants may leads to higher clinical pregnancy rate per couple randomised compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antioxidants vs placebo or no treatment

Adverse events ‐ Miscarriage · patients with male subfertility

It is very uncertain whether antioxidants changes adverse events ‐ Miscarriage compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antioxidants vs placebo or no treatment

Gastrointestinal adverse events · patients with male subfertility

Antioxidants may leads to higher adverse events ‐ Gastrointestinal compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review