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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,805 questions · 2,912 findings · 307 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 706 · 24.2%GRADE not reported 133 · 4.6%Very low 786 · 27%Low 696 · 23.9%Moderate 474 · 16.3%High 117 · 4%

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and standard urotherapy vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with electromyographic biofeedback and standard urotherapy

Resolution of daytime urinary incontinence · children aged 5 to 16 years with daytime urinary incontinence

It is very uncertain whether transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and standard… changes resolution of daytime urinary incontinence compared with pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with electromyographic… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and standard urotherapy vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with electromyographic biofeedback and standard urotherapy

Objective measurement of volume of incontinent episodes · children aged 5 to 16 years with daytime urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and standard urotherapy vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with electromyographic biofeedback and standard urotherapy

Adverse effects · children aged 5 to 16 years with daytime urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with electromyography biofeedback and standard urotherapy vs pelvic floor muscle training without biofeedback but with standard urotherapy

Resolution of daytime urinary incontinence · children aged 5 to 15 years with dysfunctional elimination syndrome, 41/59 with daytime urinary incontinence

It is very uncertain whether pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with electromyography… changes resolution of daytime urinary incontinence at 12 months (9 months… compared with pelvic floor muscle training without biofeedback but with standard… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with electromyography biofeedback and standard urotherapy vs pelvic floor muscle training without biofeedback but with standard urotherapy

Frequency of incontinence episodes · children aged 5 to 15 years with dysfunctional elimination syndrome, 41/59 with daytime urinary incontinence
1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with electromyography biofeedback and standard urotherapy vs pelvic floor muscle training without biofeedback but with standard urotherapy

Objective measurement of volume of incontinent episodes · children aged 5 to 15 years with dysfunctional elimination syndrome, 41/59 with daytime urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with electromyography biofeedback and standard urotherapy vs pelvic floor muscle training without biofeedback but with standard urotherapy

Quality of life measurements · children aged 5 to 15 years with dysfunctional elimination syndrome, 41/59 with daytime urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with electromyography biofeedback and standard urotherapy vs pelvic floor muscle training without biofeedback but with standard urotherapy

Adverse effects · children aged 5 to 15 years with dysfunctional elimination syndrome, 41/59 with daytime urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training vs anticholinergics

Resolution of daytime urinary incontinence · children aged 5‐14 years with daytime urinary incontinence or post‐micturition dribbling

It is very uncertain whether pelvic floor muscle training changes resolution of daytime urinary incontinence at end of treatment or 1… compared with anticholinergics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

TENS vs anticholinergics

Resolution of daytime urinary incontinence · children aged 4 to 17 years with daytime urinary incontinence

It is very uncertain whether transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) changes resolution of daytime urinary incontinence at 3 months compared with anticholinergics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review