Massage vs active control
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · patients with LBP
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted5 studies · 757 participantsVery low
Findings
What do systematic reviews say?
2,447 questions · 2,590 findings · 266 reviews
No studies found 699 · 27%GRADE not reported 289 · 11.2%Very low 614 · 23.7%Low 605 · 23.4%Moderate 322 · 12.4%High 61 · 2.4%
Massage vs active control
Function (higher scores mean more disability) ‐ Short‐term · patients with LBP
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted6 studies · 618 participantsVery low
Massage vs active control
Function (higher scores mean more disability) ‐ Long‐term · patients with LBP
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted4 studies · 616 participantsVery low
CBT vs active control
Remission of anxiety diagnoses (ITT analysis) i.e. no longer meeting criteria for DSM or ICD anxiety diagnosis at the end of the trial. · children and adolescents with anxiety disorders
CBT showed no clear difference in remission of anxiety diagnoses (ITT) analysis i.e. no longer meeting… compared with active controls (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyOR 1.51 [0.77, 2.96]6 studies · 426 participantsModerate
CBT vs active control
Reduction in anxiety symptoms (parent report) post‐treatment · children and adolescents with anxiety disorders
1 finding from 1 review
- Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted8 studies · 411 participantsModerate
Budesonide MMX® 9 mg vs placebo
Remission (combined clinical and endoscopic remission) · Adult patients with active ulcerative colitis
Budesonide MMX® 9 mg probably leads to higher remission (combined clinical and endoscopic remission) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Oral budesonide for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 2.25 [1.5, 3.39]3 studies · 900 participantsModerate
Budesonide MMX® 6 mg vs placebo
Endoscopic improvement (dichotomous) · Adult patients with active ulcerative colitis
Budesonide MMX® 6 mg showed no clear difference in endoscopic improvement compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Oral budesonide for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.96 [0.73, 1.27]2 studies · 440 participantsModerate
Budesonide MMX® 6 mg vs placebo
Histologic remission · Adult patients with active ulcerative colitis
Budesonide MMX® 6 mg showed no clear difference in histologic remission compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Oral budesonide for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 1.23 [0.63, 2.4]2 studies · 440 participantsLow
Budesonide MMX® 6 mg vs placebo
Serious adverse events · Adult patients with active ulcerative colitis
Budesonide MMX® 6 mg showed no clear difference in serious adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Oral budesonide for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.63 [0.21, 1.91]2 studies · 512 participantsLow
Budesonide MMX® 6 mg vs placebo
Adverse events · Adult patients with active ulcerative colitis
It is very uncertain whether budesonide MMX® 6 mg changes adverse events compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Oral budesonide for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 1.13 [0.97, 1.32]2 studies · 512 participantsVery low
Budesonide MMX® 6 mg vs placebo
Withdrawals due to adverse events · Adult patients with active ulcerative colitis
Budesonide MMX® 6 mg showed no clear difference in withdrawal due to adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Oral budesonide for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 1.1 [0.55, 2.22]2 studies · 512 participantsLow
Budesonide 10 mg vs prednisolone
Endoscopic improvement (dichotomous) · Adult patients with active ulcerative colitis
Budesonide 10 mg showed no clear difference in endoscopic improvement compared with prednisolone 40 mg (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Oral budesonide for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.94 [0.66, 1.33]1 study · 72 participantsLow
Budesonide 10 mg vs prednisolone
Endoscopic remission · Adult patients with active ulcerative colitis
It is very uncertain whether budesonide 10 mg changes endoscopic remission compared with prednisolone 40 mg (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Oral budesonide for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.75 [0.23, 2.42]1 study · 72 participantsVery low
Budesonide 10 mg vs prednisolone
Histologic remission · Adult patients with active ulcerative colitis
It is very uncertain whether budesonide 10 mg changes histologic remission compared with prednisolone 40 mg (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Oral budesonide for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.56 [0.15, 2.06]1 study · 72 participantsVery low
Budesonide 10 mg vs prednisolone
Adverse event ‐ Reduction in plasma cortisol below lower reference limit · Adult patients with active ulcerative colitis
It is very uncertain whether budesonide 10 mg changes adverse event ‐ Reduction in plasma cortisol below lower reference… compared with prednisolone 40 mg (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Oral budesonide for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.02 [0, 0.3]1 study · 67 participantsVery low
Budesonide 10 mg vs prednisolone
Study Withdrawals · Adult patients with active ulcerative colitis
It is very uncertain whether budesonide 10 mg changes study withdrawals compared with prednisolone 40 mg (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Oral budesonide for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 1.12 [0.47, 2.65]1 study · 72 participantsVery low
Budesonide MMX® 9 mg vs placebo
Clinical improvement · Adult patients with active ulcerative colitis
Budesonide MMX® 9 mg showed no clear difference in clinical improvement compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Oral budesonide for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 1.3 [0.99, 1.7]2 studies · 442 participantsModerate
Budesonide 10 mg vs prednisolone
Withdrawals due to adverse events · Adult patients with active ulcerative colitis
It is very uncertain whether budesonide 10 mg changes withdrawal due to adverse event compared with prednisolone 40 mg (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Oral budesonide for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.98 [0.4, 2.41]1 study · 72 participantsVery low
Budesonide vs mesalamine
Clinical remission · Adult patients with active ulcerative colitis
Budesonide probably leads to lower clinical remission (ITT analysis) compared with mesalamine (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Oral budesonide for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.72 [0.57, 0.91]1 study · 343 participantsModerate
Budesonide vs mesalamine
Endoscopic improvement (dichotomous) · Adult patients with active ulcerative colitis
Budesonide probably leads to lower endoscopic improvement Gross 2011 compared with mesalamine (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Oral budesonide for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.84 [0.74, 0.95]1 study · 343 participantsModerate