What do systematic reviews say?

Any form of one-to-one oral hygiene advice (OHA) vs No OHA

It is very uncertain whether any form of one-to-one oral hygiene advice (OHA) changes dental caries compared with no OHA (very low certainty).

• One‐to‐one oral hygiene advice provided in a dental setting for oral health 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  4 to 12 months
  SoF: 1 study in adults reported only 'small and statistically insignificant changes' but no usable data; the other study on infants provided evidence of a benefit for OHA at 8 and 12 months but not at 4 months.…
  2 studies · 244 participants
  Very low

Self-management (self-administered/self-monitored OHA) vs Professional OHA

It is very uncertain whether self-management (self-administered/self-monitored OHA) changes periodontal health: gingivitis compared with professional OHA (very low certainty).

• One‐to‐one oral hygiene advice provided in a dental setting for oral health 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  2 to 6 months
  SoF: 2 studies reported no significant differences but no usable data; 1 study showed little or no difference at 3 months; 1 study in adults with hyposalivation gave weak evidence of a benefit in gingivitis for…
  4 studies · 181 participants
  Very low

Any form of one-to-one oral hygiene advice (OHA) vs No OHA

It is very uncertain whether any form of one-to-one oral hygiene advice (OHA) changes periodontal health: gingivitis compared with no OHA (very low certainty).

• One‐to‐one oral hygiene advice provided in a dental setting for oral health 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  3 to 36 months
  SoF: 1 small study in adults had contradictory results at 3 and 6 months; the other study in adults showed evidence of a benefit for OHA at all time points (12, 24, 36 months). Results: Hetland 1982 MD 0.25 (0.05 to…
  2 studies · 235 participants
  Very low

Personalised one-to-one OHA vs Routine one-to-one OHA

• One‐to‐one oral hygiene advice provided in a dental setting for oral health 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Jonsson 2009 and Ramsay 2018 reported probing depths; measured but not synthesised or GRADE-rated.
  2 studies
  GRADE not reported

Personalised one-to-one OHA vs Routine one-to-one OHA

• One‐to‐one oral hygiene advice provided in a dental setting for oral health 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Ramsay 2018 (oral health behaviour) and Jonsson 2009 (patient-reported health indices: GOHAI and self-rated oral health); measured, not synthesised or GRADE-rated.
  2 studies
  GRADE not reported

Enhanced one-to-one OHA vs Routine one-to-one OHA

• One‐to‐one oral hygiene advice provided in a dental setting for oral health 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Bali 1999 (probing depths) and Soderholm 1982 (pocket depths > 5 mm); measured but not synthesised or GRADE-rated.
  2 studies
  GRADE not reported

Self-management (self-administered/self-monitored OHA) vs Professional OHA

• One‐to‐one oral hygiene advice provided in a dental setting for oral health 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Jonsson 2006 (probing depth) and Lopez-Jornet 2014 (CPITN score); measured but not synthesised or GRADE-rated.
  2 studies
  GRADE not reported

Self-management (self-administered/self-monitored OHA) vs Professional OHA

• One‐to‐one oral hygiene advice provided in a dental setting for oral health 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Baab 1986 (time spent brushing, number of oral hygiene aids), Aljafari 2017 (child's dietary habits, self-reported snacking and toothbrushing), Jonsson 2006 (oral self-care habits); measured, not synthesised or…
  3 studies
  GRADE not reported

Personalised one-to-one OHA vs Routine one-to-one OHA

It is very uncertain whether personalised one-to-one OHA changes periodontal health: gingivitis compared with routine one-to-one OHA (very low certainty).

• One‐to‐one oral hygiene advice provided in a dental setting for oral health 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  2 to 36 months
  SoF: 1 large study showed little or no difference at 36 months; 1 study showed a benefit for personalised OHA at 3 and 12 months; 1 study in children reported 'statistically significant (P < 0.05) improvement' but no…
  4 studies · 1635 participants
  Very low

Personalised one-to-one OHA vs Routine one-to-one OHA

• One‐to‐one oral hygiene advice provided in a dental setting for oral health 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  2 months
  SoF: 1 study in children between the ages of 1 year and 6 years old reported 'statistically significant (P < 0.05) improvement' for personalised OHA but did not report usable data. Results: Lepore 2011 not estimable…
  1 study · 69 participants
  Very low

Any form of one-to-one oral hygiene advice (OHA) vs No OHA

• One‐to‐one oral hygiene advice provided in a dental setting for oral health 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Hoogstraten 1983 (dental knowledge, attitude, behaviour, fear of dental treatment) and Memarpour 2016 (parents' knowledge and performance regarding oral health); measured, not synthesised or GRADE-rated.
  2 studies
  GRADE not reported

Self-management (self-administered/self-monitored OHA) vs Professional OHA

• One‐to‐one oral hygiene advice provided in a dental setting for oral health 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Aljafari 2017 reported parent and child satisfaction with their educational intervention; measured, not synthesised or GRADE-rated.
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Enhanced one-to-one OHA vs Routine one-to-one OHA

It is very uncertain whether enhanced one-to-one OHA changes periodontal health: gingivitis compared with one-to-one OHA (standard) (very low certainty).

• One‐to‐one oral hygiene advice provided in a dental setting for oral health 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  2 to 12 months
  SoF: 2 studies did not report usable data; 1 study gave low-quality evidence of a benefit in gingivitis reduction at 5.5 months for enhanced OHA; 3 studies found little or no difference across all time points. Results:…
  5 studies · 430 participants
  Very low

Enhanced one-to-one OHA vs Routine one-to-one OHA

• One‐to‐one oral hygiene advice provided in a dental setting for oral health 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Tedesco 1992 reported self-reported brushing and flossing behaviours and self-efficacy (Oral Health Behavior Expectation Scale); measured, not synthesised or GRADE-rated.
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Self-management (self-administered/self-monitored OHA) vs Professional OHA

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• One‐to‐one oral hygiene advice provided in a dental setting for oral health 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No studies were found that looked at dental caries.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Enhanced one-to-one OHA vs Routine one-to-one OHA

• One‐to‐one oral hygiene advice provided in a dental setting for oral health 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  12 months
  SoF: 1 study in adults did not report usable data. Results: Bali 1999 (DMFT) not estimable (no usable data).
  1 study · 70 participants
  Very low

Enhanced one-to-one OHA vs Routine one-to-one OHA

It is very uncertain whether enhanced one-to-one OHA changes periodontal health: plaque levels compared with one-to-one OHA (standard) (very low certainty).

• One‐to‐one oral hygiene advice provided in a dental setting for oral health 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  2 to 12 months
  SoF: 2 studies did not report usable data; 1 study gave low-quality evidence of a benefit in plaque reduction at 5.5 months for enhanced OHA; 3 studies found little or no difference; 1 study gave weak evidence of a…
  6 studies · 440 participants
  Very low

Enhanced one-to-one OHA vs Routine one-to-one OHA

• One‐to‐one oral hygiene advice provided in a dental setting for oral health 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Hoogstraten 1983 (dental knowledge, attitude, behaviour, fear), Munster Halvari 2012 (multiple psychological measures: autonomy, motivation, perceived competence), Tedesco 1992 (theory of reasoned action variables);…
  3 studies
  GRADE not reported

Personalised one-to-one OHA vs Routine one-to-one OHA

• One‐to‐one oral hygiene advice provided in a dental setting for oral health 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Ramsay 2018 reported economic net benefits of OHA; measured, not synthesised or GRADE-rated.
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Personalised one-to-one OHA vs Routine one-to-one OHA

It is very uncertain whether personalised one-to-one OHA changes periodontal health: plaque levels compared with routine one-to-one OHA (very low certainty).

• One‐to‐one oral hygiene advice provided in a dental setting for oral health 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  2 to 12 months
  SoF: 1 study showed a benefit for personalised OHA at 3 and 12 months; 1 study in children reported 'statistically significant (P < 0.05) improvement' but no usable data; 1 study showed little or no difference at 3…
  3 studies · 308 participants
  Very low