Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

254 questions · 281 findings · 12 reviews · Incontinence

No studies found 151 · 53.7%GRADE not reported 10 · 3.6%Very low 74 · 26.3%Low 33 · 11.7%Moderate 12 · 4.3%High 1 · 0.4%

Voiding education with uroflowmetry and feedback vs anticholinergics

Resolution of daytime urinary incontinence · children aged 6 to 12 years with overactive bladder with urge incontinence

It is very uncertain whether voiding education with uroflowmetry and feedback changes resolution of daytime urinary incontinence at 12 months after 6… compared with anticholinergics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with urotherapy vs urotherapy alone

Resolution of daytime urinary incontinence · children aged 3 to 17 years with daytime urinary incontinence

It is very uncertain whether pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with urotherapy changes resolution of daytime urinary incontinence after 12 months of… compared with urotherapy alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any topical skin care product vs another topical skin care product

Number of participants with IAD (residual, i.e. not healed) · adults with urinary incontinence

It is very uncertain whether any topical skin care product changes number of participants with IAD (residual, i.e. not healed) (1)… compared with another topical skin care product (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Any skin care procedure (method or frequency of application) vs any unstructured skin care procedure

Number of participants with IAD (residual, i.e. not healed) · adults with urinary incontinence

Any skin care procedure (method or frequency of application) probably leads to lower number of participants with IAD (residual, i.e. not healed) (1)… compared with any unstructured skin care procedure (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any skin care procedure (method or frequency of application) vs any unstructured skin care procedure

Adverse reaction due to the skin care product or procedure, e.g. skin irritation, rash, itching, allergic reaction · adults with urinary incontinence

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review