Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

197 questions · 210 findings · 27 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

No studies found 87 · 41.4%GRADE not reported 2 · 1%Very low 23 · 11%Low 61 · 29%Moderate 34 · 16.2%High 3 · 1.4%

Summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) vs no treatment (comparison 1)

Maternal death · nipple stimulation (suckling) for preventing postpartum haemorrhage in the third stage of labour.

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) changes maternal death compared with no treatment (comparison 1) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) vs no treatment (comparison 1)

Frequency of PPH ≥ 500 mL · nipple stimulation (suckling) for preventing postpartum haemorrhage in the third stage of labour.

Summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) showed no clear difference in frequency of PPH ≥ 500 mL compared with no treatment (comparison 1) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) vs no treatment (comparison 1)

Retained placenta · nipple stimulation (suckling) for preventing postpartum haemorrhage in the third stage of labour.

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) changes retained placenta compared with no treatment (comparison 1) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) vs no treatment (comparison 1)

Perinatal mortality · nipple stimulation (suckling) for preventing postpartum haemorrhage in the third stage of labour.

Summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) showed no clear difference in perinatal death compared with no treatment (comparison 1) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) vs no treatment (comparison 1)

Maternal admission to hospital · nipple stimulation (suckling) for preventing postpartum haemorrhage in the third stage of labour.

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) changes maternal admission to hospital compared with no treatment (comparison 1) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review