Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

29 questions · 29 findings · 6 reviews

No studies found 2 · 6.9%GRADE not reported 16 · 55.2%Very low 3 · 10.3%Low 5 · 17.2%Moderate 3 · 10.3%High 0 · 0%

Split‐course radiotherapy (8 fractions, 30 Gy) vs Accelerated radiotherapy

Total mortality · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…

Split-course radiotherapy showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with accelerated radiotherapy; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Mixed beam (neutron and photon) radiotherapy vs Conventional photon radiotherapy

Total mortality · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…

Mixed beam (neutron and photon) radiotherapy showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with conventional photon radiotherapy; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Neutron radiotherapy vs Conventional photon radiotherapy

Total mortality · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…

Neutron radiotherapy showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with conventional photon radiotherapy; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Accelerated/split-course radiotherapy vs Conventional (standard) fractionation radiotherapy

Total mortality · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…

Accelerated/split-course radiotherapy showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with conventional (standard) fractionation radiotherapy; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Lower total dose radiotherapy (67.2 Gy over 5.6 weeks) vs conventional dose RT

Total mortality · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…

Lower total dose radiotherapy (67.2 Gy over 5.6 weeks) showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with conventional/standard total dose radiotherapy (72 Gy); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Pre-operative radiotherapy (plus surgery) vs surgery

Total mortality · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…

Pre-operative radiotherapy (plus surgery) showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with surgery alone; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Altered fractionation radiotherapy (hyperfractionated and/or accelerated) vs Conventional (standard) fractionation radiotherapy

Total mortality · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…

Hyperfractionated/accelerated radiotherapy showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with conventional (standard) fractionation radiotherapy; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Pre-operative and post-operative radiotherapy vs Post-operative radiotherapy alone

Total mortality · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…

Pre-operative and post-operative radiotherapy showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with post-operative radiotherapy alone; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin vs placebo or no intervention

Mortality ‐ total number · prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis

Summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin showed no clear difference in mortality ‐ total number compared with placebo/no intervention (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review