Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

13 questions · 13 findings · 1 reviews · Schizophrenia

No studies found 9 · 69.2%GRADE not reported 1 · 7.7%Very low 0 · 0%Low 3 · 23.1%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

INTEGRATED MODELS OF CARE vs usual care

Substance use: any change ‐ Alcohol use (not in remission) · people with both severe mental illness and substance misuse

Integrated models of care showed no clear difference in substance use: any change ‐ Alcohol use (not in remission) compared with standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CONTINGENCY MANAGEMENT vs usual care

Drug (non‐alcohol) use Number with stimulant‐positive urine test · people with both severe mental illness and substance misuse

Contingency management showed no clear difference in substance use: Drug (non‐alcohol) Number with stimulant‐positive… compared with standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review