It is very uncertain whether shock wave lithotripsy changes stone‐free rate compared with dissolution therapy (very low certainty).
Shock wave lithotripsy probably leads to lower stone‐free rate compared with mini‐percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (moderate certainty).
It is very uncertain whether percutaneous nephrolithotripsy changes stone‐free rate compared with tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (very low certainty).
Percutaneous nephrolithotripsy showed no clear difference in stone‐free rate compared with tubeless mini‐percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (moderate certainty).
Alpha‐blockers may leads to higher stone‐free rate compared with placebo with/without analgesics (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether slow shock wave lithotripsy changes stone‐free rate compared with rapid shock wave lithotripsy (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether shock wave lithotripsy changes stone‐free rate compared with ureteroscopy with holmium laser or pneumatic lithotripsy (very low certainty).