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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2 questions · 2 findings · 1 reviews

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 2 · 100%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Nicotine EC vs non‐nicotine EC

Serious adverse events at 1 week to 1 year Assessed via self‐report and medical records · People who smoke cigarettes

Nicotine EC showed no clear difference in serious adverse events at 1 week to 1 year Assessed via self‐report… compared with non‐nicotine EC (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nicotine EC vs NRT

Serious adverse events at 4 weeks to 1 year Assessed via self‐report and medical records · people who smoke

Nicotine EC showed no clear difference in serious adverse events at 4 weeks to 1 year Assessed via self‐report… compared with NRT (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review