Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

10 questions · 10 findings · 3 reviews · All outcomes

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No studies found 4 · 40%GRADE not reported 4 · 40%Very low 2 · 20%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Ibuprofen taken pre-emptively (about 1 hour before treatment) vs Ibuprofen taken post-treatment

Quality of life or participant satisfaction · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for pain relief during orthodontic treatment 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
No studies in this comparison reported this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Analgesic (any: NSAID, paracetamol, local anaesthetic or opioid) vs placebo or control

Quality of life or participant satisfaction · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for pain relief during orthodontic treatment 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
Reported narratively by 2 studies (Wang 2012: SF-36 and SAS - significant reduction in SF-36 bodily pain at 30 days vs baseline, no significant between-group differences; Minor 2009: STAI and PANAS - no significant…
2 studies
GRADE not reported

Amifostine vs no treatment/placebo

Quality of life · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region

Amifostine showed no clear difference in quality of life compared with no treatment/placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for preventing dry mouth and salivary gland dysfunction following radiotherapy 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
End of RT; up to 3 months postRT
MD 0.52 [-0.02, 1.06]
1 study · 233 participants
GRADE not reported

Chinese medicine vs no treatment/placebo

Quality of life · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for preventing dry mouth and salivary gland dysfunction following radiotherapy 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
End of intervention to 3 months postRT
Insufficient evidence to determine any effect on quality of life (Lin 2014; Analysis 6.5)
1 study
GRADE not reported

Experimental chewing adjuncts (bite wafers or chewing gum) vs No chewing gum, placebo, or control (no adjunct)

Quality of life or patient satisfaction · Adolescents/teenagers undergoing orthodontic treatment

Experimental chewing adjuncts (bite wafers or chewing gum) led to lower quality of life or patient satisfaction compared with no chewing gum, placebo, or control (no adjunct); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for alleviating pain during orthodontic treatment 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
24 hours
RR 0.45 [0.22, 0.94]
2 studies · 107 participants
GRADE not reported

NSAID (systemic) vs paracetamol

Quality of life or participant satisfaction · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for pain relief during orthodontic treatment 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
No studies in this comparison reported this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Topical NSAID (ketoprofen lysinate mouthwash, 160 mg) vs Topical NSAID (benzidamine hydrochloride mouthwash, 22.5 mg)

Quality of life or participant satisfaction · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for pain relief during orthodontic treatment 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
The study did not report this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Topical NSAID (ketoprofen chewing gum) vs Local anaesthetic (benzocaine chewing gum)

Quality of life or participant satisfaction · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for pain relief during orthodontic treatment 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
The study did not report this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Pilocarpine vs no treatment/placebo

Quality of life (McMaster HNRQ, 1-7 scale) · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region

It is very uncertain whether pilocarpine changes quality of life (McMaster HNRQ, 1-7 scale) compared with no treatment/placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for preventing dry mouth and salivary gland dysfunction following radiotherapy 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
Up to and including 6 months postRT
MD 0.20 [-0.19, 0.59]
1 study · 90 participants
Very low

Amifostine vs no treatment/placebo

Quality of life (Patient Benefit Questionnaire, 10-point scale) · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region

It is very uncertain whether amifostine changes quality of life (Patient Benefit Questionnaire, 10-point scale) compared with no treatment/placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for preventing dry mouth and salivary gland dysfunction following radiotherapy 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 months postRT
MD 0.70 [0.20, 1.20]
1 study · 180 participants
Very low