What do systematic reviews say?

TG4010 added to chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

TG4010 added to chemotherapy may leads to lower progression‐free survival compared with chemotherapy alone (low certainty).

• Therapeutic vaccines for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.74 [0.55, 0.99]
  1 study · 222 participants
  Low

Platinum doublet vs non‐platinum therapy

Platinum doublet probably leads to lower progression‐free survival compared with non‐platinum therapy (moderate certainty).

• Best first‐line therapy for people with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer, performance status 2 without a targetable… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.57 [0.42, 0.77]
  5 studies · 487 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in progression‐free survival (moderate certainty).

• Immunotherapy (excluding checkpoint inhibitors) for stage I to III non‐small cell lung cancer treated with surgery or… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.94 [0.86, 1.03]
  5 studies · 3861 participants
  Moderate

Single‐immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) vs chemotherapy alone

Single‐immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) may leads to lower progression‐free survival (PFS) compared with chemotherapy (low certainty).

• Single or combined immune checkpoint inhibitors compared to first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy with or without… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.68 [0.51, 0.88]
  5 studies · 1886 participants
  Low

Combined immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) vs chemotherapy alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Single or combined immune checkpoint inhibitors compared to first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy with or without… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

ALK inhibitor vs any cytotoxic chemotherapy

ALK inhibitor leads to lower progression‐free survival: all participants compared with any cytotoxic chemotherapy (high certainty).

• Targeted therapy for advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)‐rearranged non‐small cell lung cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.45 [0.4, 0.52]
  6 studies · 1611 participants
  High

Afatinib vs chemotherapy alone

Afatinib leads to lower progression‐free survival compared with chemotherapy (high certainty).

• First‐line treatment of advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation positive non‐squamous non‐small cell… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.42 [0.34, 0.53]
  2 studies · 709 participants
  High

ALK inhibitor vs any cytotoxic chemotherapy

ALK inhibitor leads to lower progression‐free survival in people with central nervous system… compared with any cytotoxic chemotherapy (high certainty).

• Targeted therapy for advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)‐rearranged non‐small cell lung cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.51 [0.41, 0.62]
  6 studies · 581 participants
  High

Gefitinib vs chemotherapy alone

Gefitinib showed no clear difference in progression‐free survival (PFS) compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

• Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 1.19 [0.86, 1.65]
  2 studies · 275 participants
  Moderate
• Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 1.04 [0.92, 1.17]
  2 studies · 1607 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Radical multimodality therapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 50 participants
  Low

Non‐platinum therapies vs platinum combination

Non‐platinum therapies may leads to lower progression‐free survival compared with platinum combination (low certainty).

• Chemotherapy for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer in the elderly population 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.76
  9 studies · 9 participants
  Low

Non‐platinum single‐agent vs non‐platinum combination treatment

Non‐platinum single‐agent may leads to lower progression‐free survival compared with non‐platinum combination treatment (low certainty).

• Chemotherapy for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer in the elderly population 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.94
  4 studies · 1105 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in progression‐free survival1 (low certainty).

• Chemotherapy with cetuximab versus chemotherapy alone for chemotherapy‐naive advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.91 [0.83, 1]
  4 studies · 2018 participants
  Low

Next‐generation ALK inhibitor vs crizotinib

Next‐generation ALK inhibitor leads to lower progression‐free survival: overall population compared with crizotinib (high certainty).

• Targeted therapy for advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)‐rearranged non‐small cell lung cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.39 [0.32, 0.46]
  5 studies · 1263 participants
  High

Next‐generation ALK inhibitor vs crizotinib

Next‐generation ALK inhibitor leads to lower progression‐free survival in people with central nervous system… compared with crizotinib (high certainty).

• Targeted therapy for advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)‐rearranged non‐small cell lung cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.25 [0.19, 0.34]
  5 studies · 406 participants
  High