Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

75 questions · 82 findings · 30 reviews

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No studies found 5 · 6.1%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 14 · 17.1%Low 18 · 22%Moderate 26 · 31.7%High 19 · 23.2%

Chemmotherapy combined with biological therapy vs chemotherapy alone

Progression‐free survival · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma

It is very uncertain whether chemmotherapy combined with biological therapy changes progression‐free survival compared with chemotherapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.87 [0.74, 1.02]
7 studies · 2743 participants
Very low

EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) vs observation

Progression‐free survival · maintenance treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer after first‐line chemotherapy

It is very uncertain whether EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) changes progression‐free survival compared with observation alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Epidermal growth factor receptor blockers for the treatment of ovarian cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.05 [0.9, 1.23]
1 study · 835 participants
Very low

BRAF inhibitors vs chemotherapy alone

Progression‐free survival · people with cutaneous melanoma

BRAF inhibitors leads to lower progression‐free survival† compared with chemotherapy (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic treatments for metastatic cutaneous melanoma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.27 [0.21, 0.34]
925 participants
High

Anti‐PD1 monoclonal antibodies vs chemotherapy alone

Progression‐free survival · people with cutaneous melanoma

Anti‐PD1 monoclonal antibodies probably leads to lower progression‐free survival† compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic treatments for metastatic cutaneous melanoma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.49 [0.39, 0.61]
957 participants
Moderate

MEK inhibitors vs chemotherapy alone

Progression‐free survival · people with cutaneous melanoma

MEK inhibitors probably leads to lower progression‐free survival† compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic treatments for metastatic cutaneous melanoma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.58 [0.42, 0.8]
496 participants
Moderate

Oral vs intravenous fluoropyrimidines

Progression‐free survival · Patients treated with palliative intent for inoperable advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer with chemotherapy

Oral probably leads to higher progression‐free survival compared with intravenous fluoropyrimidines (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral versus intravenous fluoropyrimidines for colorectal cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.06 [1.02, 1.11]
23 studies · 9927 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings 2: PLD alone vs other conventional chemotherapy

Progression‐free survival · recurrent platinum‐resistant EOC

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings 2: PLD alone changes progression‐free survival (PFS) compared with other conventional chemotherapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin for relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.94 [0.85, 1.04]
4 studies · 1803 participants
Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Platinum‐sensitive recurrent EOC: PARPi monotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

Progression‐free survival · platinum‐sensitive recurrent EOC

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Platinum‐sensitive recurrent EOC: PARPi… changes progression‐free survival (PFS) compared with chemotherapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors for the treatment of ovarian cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.88 [0.56, 1.38]
3 studies · 739 participants
Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Platinum‐sensitive recurrent EOC: PARPi monotherapy vs placebo (maintenance therapy)

Progression‐free survival · platinum‐sensitive recurrent EOC

Summary of findings table ‐ Platinum‐sensitive recurrent EOC: PARPi… leads to lower progression‐free survival (PFS) compared with placebo after chemotherapy (maintenance therapy) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors for the treatment of ovarian cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.34 [0.28, 0.42]
4 studies · 1677 participants
High

Gefitinib vs chemotherapy alone

Progression‐free survival · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Gefitinib showed no clear difference in progression‐free survival (PFS) compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.19 [0.86, 1.65]
2 studies · 275 participants
Moderate
Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.04 [0.92, 1.17]
2 studies · 1607 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 4): targeted therapy agent plus control intervention vs control intervention

Progression‐free survival · palliative participants with esophageal and GE‐junction carcinoma

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 4): targeted therapy agent… probably leads to lower progression‐free survival compared with control intervention alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Palliative chemotherapy and targeted therapies for esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.64 [0.45, 0.92]
5 studies · 883 participants
Moderate