Electronic cigarette use vs Traditional (conventional) cigarette smokers
Plaque index / periodontal health (relative harm vs conventional smoking) · Adult e-cigarette (ENDS) users (general oral health)
E-cigarette users tend to have a lower plaque index and less periodontal harm than traditional cigarette smokers, although still worse than non-smokers (narrative synthesis; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
- An Umbrella Review of E-Cigarettes' Impact on Oral Microbiota and Biofilm Buildup. 2025 All outcomesOral health / dental careNarrative synthesis: plaque accumulation and periodontal harm were less pronounced in e-cigarette users than in traditional cigarette smokers; cigarette smokers had a significantly higher plaque index than e-cigarette…4 studiesGRADE not reported