Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

Refine by population, intervention, comparison or outcome
More filters
Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2 questions · 7 findings · 2 reviews · Oral Health

No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 5 · 71.4%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 2 · 28.6%High 0 · 0%

Clear aligners (Invisalign / thermoformed aligners) vs Conventional orthodontic appliance treatment

Plaque · Orthodontic patients undergoing comprehensive treatment (late mixed or permanent dentition, no active caries)

In randomized trials, clear aligners probably reduce plaque accumulation versus fixed appliances, though the subgroup estimate is imprecise and its CI crosses no effect (SMD -1.79, 95% CI -3.63 to 0.04; moderate certainty).

6 findings from 1 review
Show 3 more findings

Electronic cigarette use vs Non-smokers (non-users)

Plaque index (PI) / oral hygiene · Adult e-cigarette (ENDS) users (general oral health; predominantly natural dentition)

E-cigarette users tend to have a higher plaque index (more biofilm accumulation) than non-smokers (narrative synthesis of systematic reviews; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review