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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

9 questions · 9 findings · 1 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 1 · 11.1%Very low 6 · 66.7%Low 2 · 22.2%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Cooling treatment (ice pack) vs no treatment

Perineal pain within 24 hours of giving birth ‐ Moderate + severe pain · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth

It is very uncertain whether cooling treatment (ice pack or cold gel pad) changes perineal pain within 24 hours of giving birth ‐ Moderate + severe pain compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cooling treatment (ice pack) vs cooling treatment (cold gel pad)

Perineal pain within 24 hours of giving birth ‐ Moderate + severe pain · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth

It is very uncertain whether cooling treatment (ice pack) changes perineal pain within 24 hours of giving birth ‐ Moderate + severe pain compared with cooling treatment (cold gel pad) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cooling treatment (ice pack) vs cooling treatment (cold gel pad)

Perineal pain within 4 ‐ 6 hours of giving birth ‐ Moderate + severe pain · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth

It is very uncertain whether cooling treatment (ice pack) changes perineal pain within 4 ‐ 6 hours of giving birth ‐ Moderate + severe… compared with cooling treatment (cold gel pad) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review